1pj5

Structural highlights

Function

DMGO_ARTGO Catalyzes the oxidative demethylation of N,N-dimethylglycine to yield sarcosine, formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide. The oxidation of dimethylglycine is coupled to the synthesis of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate through an unusual substrate channeling mechanism. This channeling occurs by nonbiased diffusion of the iminium intermediate through a large solvent cavity connecting active site 1 (N-terminus) and active site 2 (C-terminus). The synthesis of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (at active site 2) prevents the accumulation of formaldehyde, formed by hydrolysis of the iminium intermediate product (at active site 1). Does not oxidize sarcosine.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

References

1. ↑ Meskys R, Harris RJ, Casaite V, Basran J, Scrutton NS. Organization of the genes involved in dimethylglycine and sarcosine degradation in Arthrobacter spp.: implications for glycine betaine catabolism. Eur J Biochem. 2001 Jun;268(12):3390-8. PMID:11422368 doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02239.x
2. ↑ Basran J, Bhanji N, Basran A, Nietlispach D, Mistry S, Meskys R, Scrutton NS. Mechanistic aspects of the covalent flavoprotein dimethylglycine oxidase of Arthrobacter globiformis studied by stopped-flow spectrophotometry. Biochemistry. 2002 Apr 9;41(14):4733-43. PMID:11926836 doi:10.1021/bi025519h
3. ↑ Leys D, Basran J, Scrutton NS. Channelling and formation of 'active' formaldehyde in dimethylglycine oxidase. EMBO J. 2003 Aug 15;22(16):4038-48. PMID:12912903 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emboj/cdg395
4. ↑ Tralau T, Lafite P, Levy C, Combe JP, Scrutton NS, Leys D. An internal reaction chamber in dimethylglycine oxidase provides efficient protection from exposure to toxic formaldehyde. J Biol Chem. 2009 Jun 26;284(26):17826-34. Epub 2009 Apr 15. PMID:19369258 doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.006262