1qdp

Structural highlights

Function

TXDT1_ATRRO Inhibits tetrodotoxin-sensitive voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav) by binding to site 3. It slows the inactivation, causes a prolongation of action potential duration resulting in repetitive firing in autonomic and motor nerve fibers. Does not depolarize the resting potential. Does not affect tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels. This lethal neurotoxin is active on both insect and mammalian voltage-gated sodium channels.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

References

1. ↑ Mylecharane EJ, Spence I, Sheumack DD, Claassens R, Howden ME. Actions of robustoxin, a neurotoxic polypeptide from the venom of the male funnel-web spider (Atrax robustus), in anaesthetized monkeys. Toxicon. 1989;27(4):481-92. PMID:2728033
2. ↑ Alewood D, Birinyi-Strachan LC, Pallaghy PK, Norton RS, Nicholson GM, Alewood PF. Synthesis and characterization of delta-atracotoxin-Ar1a, the lethal neurotoxin from venom of the Sydney funnel-web spider (Atrax robustus). Biochemistry. 2003 Nov 11;42(44):12933-40. PMID:14596608 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi030091n
3. ↑ Little MJ, Wilson H, Zappia C, Cestele S, Tyler MI, Martin-Eauclaire MF, Gordon D, Nicholson GM. Delta-atracotoxins from Australian funnel-web spiders compete with scorpion alpha-toxin binding on both rat brain and insect sodium channels. FEBS Lett. 1998 Nov 20;439(3):246-52. PMID:9845331
4. ↑ Nicholson GM, Walsh R, Little MJ, Tyler MI. Characterisation of the effects of robustoxin, the lethal neurotoxin from the Sydney funnel-web spider Atrax robustus, on sodium channel activation and inactivation. Pflugers Arch. 1998 Jun;436(1):117-26. PMID:9560455