1r5l

Structural highlights

Disease

TTPA_HUMAN Defects in TTPA are the cause of ataxia with isolated vitamin E deficiency (AVED) [MIM:277460. AVED is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by spinocerebellar degeneration. It causes ataxia and peripheral neuropathy that resembles Friedreich ataxia. AVED patients have markedly reduced plasma levels of vitamin E.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]}

Function

TTPA_HUMAN Binds alpha-tocopherol and enhances its transfer between separate membranes.

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

References

1. ↑ Hentati A, Deng HX, Hung WY, Nayer M, Ahmed MS, He X, Tim R, Stumpf DA, Siddique T, Ahmed. Human alpha-tocopherol transfer protein: gene structure and mutations in familial vitamin E deficiency. Ann Neurol. 1996 Mar;39(3):295-300. PMID:8602747 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.410390305
2. ↑ Cavalier L, Ouahchi K, Kayden HJ, Di Donato S, Reutenauer L, Mandel JL, Koenig M. Ataxia with isolated vitamin E deficiency: heterogeneity of mutations and phenotypic variability in a large number of families. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Feb;62(2):301-10. PMID:9463307 doi:S0002-9297(07)63495-8
3. ↑ Ouahchi K, Arita M, Kayden H, Hentati F, Ben Hamida M, Sokol R, Arai H, Inoue K, Mandel JL, Koenig M. Ataxia with isolated vitamin E deficiency is caused by mutations in the alpha-tocopherol transfer protein. Nat Genet. 1995 Feb;9(2):141-5. PMID:7719340 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0295-141
4. ↑ Gotoda T, Arita M, Arai H, Inoue K, Yokota T, Fukuo Y, Yazaki Y, Yamada N. Adult-onset spinocerebellar dysfunction caused by a mutation in the gene for the alpha-tocopherol-transfer protein. N Engl J Med. 1995 Nov 16;333(20):1313-8. PMID:7566022
5. ↑ Morley S, Panagabko C, Shineman D, Mani B, Stocker A, Atkinson J, Manor D. Molecular determinants of heritable vitamin E deficiency. Biochemistry. 2004 Apr 13;43(14):4143-9. PMID:15065857 doi:10.1021/bi0363073
6. ↑ Mariotti C, Gellera C, Rimoldi M, Mineri R, Uziel G, Zorzi G, Pareyson D, Piccolo G, Gambi D, Piacentini S, Squitieri F, Capra R, Castellotti B, Di Donato S. Ataxia with isolated vitamin E deficiency: neurological phenotype, clinical follow-up and novel mutations in TTPA gene in Italian families. Neurol Sci. 2004 Jul;25(3):130-7. PMID:15300460 doi:10.1007/s10072-004-0246-z