2hzy
From Proteopedia
Mouse fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase complexes with a transition-state mimic of the complete substrate
Overview
FAH (fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase) catalyses the final step of tyrosine catabolism to produce fumarate and acetoacetate. HT1 (hereditary tyrosinaemia type 1) results from deficiency of this enzyme. Previously, we prepared a partial mimic of the putative tetrahedral intermediate in the reaction catalysed by FAH co-crystallized with the enzyme to reveal details of the mechanism [Bateman, Bhanumoorthy, Witte, McClard, Grompe and Timm (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 15284-15291]. We have now successfully synthesized complete mimics CEHPOBA {4-[(2-carboxyethyl)-hydroxyphosphinyl]-3-oxobutyrate} and COPHPAA {3-[(3-carboxy-2-oxopropyl)hydroxyphosphinyl]acrylate}, which inhibit FAH in slow-onset tight-binding mode with K(i) values of 41 and 12 nM respectively. A high-resolution (1.35 A; 1 A=0.1 nm) crystal structure of the FAH.CEHPOBA complex was solved to reveal the affinity determinants for these compounds and to provide further insight into the mechanism of FAH catalysis. These compounds are active in vivo, and CEHPOBA demonstrated a notable dose-dependent increase in SA (succinylacetone; a metabolite seen in patients with HT1) in mouse serum after repeated injections, and, following a single injection (1 mumol/g; intraperitoneal), only a modest regain of FAH enzyme activity was detected in liver protein isolates after 24 h. These potent inhibitors provide a means to chemically phenocopy the metabolic defects of either HT1 or FAH knockout mice and promise future pharmacological utility for hepatocyte transplantation.
About this Structure
2HZY is a Single protein structure of sequence from Mus musculus. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
Reference
Slow-onset inhibition of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase by phosphinate mimics of the tetrahedral intermediate: kinetics, crystal structure and pharmacokinetics., Bateman RL, Ashworth J, Witte JF, Baker LJ, Bhanumoorthy P, Timm DE, Hurley TD, Grompe M, McClard RW, Biochem J. 2007 Mar 1;402(2):251-60. PMID:17064256 Page seeded by OCA on Sun May 4 06:54:49 2008
