Journal:JBIC:9

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PDB ID 1stp

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Protein and metal cluster structure of the wheat metallothionein domain γ-Ec-1. The second part of the puzzle.

Jens Loebus, Estevão A. Peroza, Nancy Blüthgen, Thomas Fox, Wolfram Meyer Klaucke, Oliver Zerbe and Eva Freisinger[1]

Molecular Tour
Ec-1 (Early Cys-labelled protein) from Triticum aestivum (common bread wheat) belongs to the family of plant metallothioneins. Metallothioneins in general are small (up to approx. 8 kDa) Cys-rich proteins with the ability to coordinate d10 transition metal ions with high thermodynamic affinity. Thereby metal-thiolate cluster structures are formed. The function of these protein is presumably to be found in metal ion homeostasis (Zn(II), Cu(I)), detoxification (Cd(II), Hg(II), etc.), and possibly also in reactive oxygen species scavenging. Wheat Ec-1 consists of 81 amino acids and forms two distinctive domains. The NMR structure of the larger C-terminal beta(E)-domain has been already described (PDB ID 2KAK, [2]) and accommodates four Zn(II) ions. The NMR solution structure of the smaller N-terminal gamma-domain shown here consists of the first 24 amino acids of the protein (plus two additional N-terminal vector-derived amino acid residues). The six Cys residues of the gamma-domain form a cluster with two Zn(II) or Cd(II) ions similar to the one found in the yeast transcription factor GAL4 (PDB ID 1AW6,[3]). This two-metal ion cluster, as well as the metal ion arrangement found in the larger beta(E)-domain, represent new coordination modes that were unprecedented for the superfamily of metallothioneins so far. The functional significance of these findings has to be awaited.


  1. ↑ doi
  2. ↑ Peroza EA, Schmucki R, Guntert P, Freisinger E, Zerbe O. The beta(E)-domain of wheat E(c)-1 metallothionein: a metal-binding domain with a distinctive structure. J Mol Biol. 2009 Mar 20;387(1):207-18. Epub 2009 Jan 27. PMID:19361445 doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2009.01.035
  3. ↑ Baleja JD, Thanabal V, Wagner G. Refined solution structure of the DNA-binding domain of GAL4 and use of 3J(113Cd,1H) in structure determination. J Biomol NMR. 1997 Dec;10(4):397-401. PMID:9460244

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