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Sandbox 44
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Contents |
Lipase
PDB ID: 1HPLE.C.: 3.1.1.3
Number of Amino Acid Residues: 449
Number of Chains: 2
Weight: 50kDa
Introduction
The lipase class of enzymes are known to cut a lipid substrate at a specific location on their glycerol backbone. Lipase catalyzes the lipid breakdown through the hydrolysis of the esters in fatty acids. While lipase is found primarily in the human pancreas, lipase can also be located in other areas in the body such as the mouth and the stomach. Pancreatic lipase, in particular, serves in human digestion to break down fats from the human diet. This lipase, therefore, is found in the digestive system of humans and is involved in the conversion of triglycerides to monoglycerides and free fatty acids.Human pancreatic lipase distinguishes itself from other pancreatic enzymes because when it is synthesized it is done so in its final form, without needing to be activated through proteolytic cleavage. However, while lipase does not need outside activation, it is not truly efficient without the presence of colipase in the duodenum.
The crystal structure of human pancreatic lipase is still yet to be determined and the research goal of many current scientists. Therefore, the structure examined here, 1HPL, is in actuality horse pancreatic lipase, thought to have a very similar structure as well as function with regard to human pancreatic lipase.
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