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Renin

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Introduction

Introduction Renin was first discovered in 1898 by physiologist Robert Tigerstedt and his medical student Bergman. It is an aspartyl-protease that plays a major role in the physiological rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; therefore indirectly involved in homeostatic control of salt, volume and blood pressure. In the human body, renin is synthesized by juxtaglomerular epitheloid cells proceeding stimulation by the prostaglandins and sympathetic nerves. Studies have shown that the protease is inhibited by angiotensin II, high blood pressure, salt and volume overload; all through negative feedback loops. Once produced, renin enters the body’s circulation in renal system through afferent arterioles. Expression of the renin gene in these cells have been heavily studied in humans and mice and mapped to chromosome 1.