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Introduction

Cholix toxin are a class of protein toxin originating from the bacteria Vibrio Cholerae. It inactivates eukaryotic elongation factor 2 by transferring ADP-ribose from NAD+ through the usage of the enzyme ADP-riboyltransferase. This protein toxin has been known to cause disease in both plants and animals. Specifically, the toxin causes the disease cholera through the transferring of an ADP-ribose group to an Arg residue of the GTP binding protein G. This then activates adenylate cyclase which leads to an increase amount of cAMP, causing a secretion of Cl-,HCO3-, and water from epithelial cells from the site of colonization. The result of this is dehydration and a loss of electrolytes in humans.

Structure

Mechanism of Action

Medical Implications or Possible Applications

References

1. The 1.8A Cholix Toxin Crystal Structure in Complex with NAD+ and Evidence for a New Kinetic Model