Hiv env proteins

From Proteopedia

spinqualitylabelsall models Structure of HMG-CoA reductase (PDB entry 1dq8) Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image Introduction Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a retrovirus/lentivirus that expresses a spike protein on its viral envelope (Env). "The envelope protein is synthesized as a precursor, gp160, which trimerizes and undergoes cleavage into two noncovalently associated fragments, the receptor-binding fragment gp120 and the fusion fragment gp41" [1]. Thus, Env is a heterodimer consisting of gp120 and gp41 and forms trimers on the surface of the viral membrane. The protein structure shown on the right is the gp120 portion of Env in its unbound trimer state [2]. As "the sole antigen on the virion surface," an understanding of Env (gp 120 & 41) and the conformational changes that occur in gp120 and gp41 during binding and fusion, respectively, is necessary in developing new fusion inhibitors and possible vaccines [3] [4].

References

1. ↑ Frey G, Chen J, Rits-Volloch S, Freeman MM, Zolla-Pazner S, Chen B. Distinct conformational states of HIV-1 gp41 are recognized by neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2010 Dec;17(12):1486-91. Epub 2010 Nov 14. PMID:21076402 doi:10.1038/nsmb.1950
2. ↑ Liu J, Bartesaghi A, Borgnia MJ, Sapiro G, Subramaniam S. Molecular architecture of native HIV-1 gp120 trimers. Nature. 2008 Sep 4;455(7209):109-13. Epub 2008 Jul 30. PMID:18668044 doi:10.1038/nature07159
3. ↑ Frey G, Chen J, Rits-Volloch S, Freeman MM, Zolla-Pazner S, Chen B. Distinct conformational states of HIV-1 gp41 are recognized by neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2010 Dec;17(12):1486-91. Epub 2010 Nov 14. PMID:21076402 doi:10.1038/nsmb.1950
4. ↑ Liu J, Bartesaghi A, Borgnia MJ, Sapiro G, Subramaniam S. Molecular architecture of native HIV-1 gp120 trimers. Nature. 2008 Sep 4;455(7209):109-13. Epub 2008 Jul 30. PMID:18668044 doi:10.1038/nature07159