Hormone

From Proteopedia

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In the field of modern endocrinology, a hormone is any substance, generated either externally or internally, that operates via a receptor at the cellular level, which conveys to to the cell a message to stop, start, or modulate a cellular process.

Guide to Proteopedia Pages Concerning Hormones and their Receptors

Articles in Proteopedia concerning Hormone include:

To view automatically seeded indices concerning Hormone, see:

• Hormone
• Hormone Receptor
• Steroid receptor
• Steroid hormone receptor

Additional 3D Structures of Hormones and Hormone Receptors and Related Molecules

Adrenaline

Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor
The human β2 adrenergic receptor bound to a hormone analog and G-protein (3sn6) is featured in an image on the right, and additional structures are on the Adrenergic receptor page.

spinqualitylabelsall models Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image An activated G protein-coupled receptor (human β-2 adrenergic receptor in blue ) in a complex with a heterotrimeric G protein (3 subunits:reddish to orange-brown) and hormone (gold) (3sn6), resolution 3.2Å. The boundaries of the membrane in which the GPCR sits are represented in light green.

Nuclear Androgen Receptor

Angiotensinogen

2wxw, 2wxx, 2wxy, 2wxz, 2wy0, 2wy1, 2x0b - Angiotensinogen – human, rat, mouse

Chorionic Gonadotropin

1hrp - Chorionic Gonadotropin – human
1hcn - Chorionic Gonadotropin – human
1hd4 - Alpha-subunit of Chorionic Gonadotropin – human

Estrogen-related receptor

Estrogen-related receptor – human and others, see Estrogen-related receptor structures

Farnesoid X Receptor

3olf, 3omk, 3omm, 3oof, 3ook, 3okh, 3oki - Farnesoid X Receptor – human

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone

1fl7 - Follicle-Stimulating Hormone – human
1xwd - Human Follicle Stimulating Hormone complexed with the Leucine-repeat region of the binding domain of its receptor– human

spinqualitylabelsall models Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image
FSH binding to the leucine-rich domain of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor (1fl7 morphing to 1xwd, resolution 2.92Å)

Human Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Complexed with its Receptor is featured here.
4ay9 - Human Follicle Stimulating Hormone complexed with the entire ectodomain of its receptor – human

PACAP/glucagon family of peptide hormones

3n94 - PAC1R, receptor of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide, is a case of a crystal structure disagreeing with the NMR structure 2jod and vice versa
2jod - Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (residues 6'-38') complexed to the extracellular

Glucocorticoid

3mne, 3mno, 3mnp - Glucocorticoid Receptor Ligand-binding Domain – human

Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide

Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor

Growth Hormone

Human growth hormone is featured here.
3hhr - Growth Hormone complexed with the extracellular portion of its receptor - human
1hwh,1a22 - Growth Hormone Mutant G120R complexed with the extracellular portion of its receptor - human
1bp3 - Growth Hormone complexed with the prolactin receptor - human
3mjg, 3mjk - Platelet-derived Growth Factor/Propeptide Complex and a Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/Receptor Complex – human
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor – human and others, see Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Structures
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor – human, see Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Structures
2xdg - Extracellular Domain of Human Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Receptor – human
1axi – HGH (mutant) + HGH receptor (mutant)

Insulin

3ir0 , 1mso , 1trz , 2qiu , 2r34, 2r35 , 2r36, 3ilg, 2kjj , 2kju - Insulin – human
3nw5, 3nw6, 3nw7 - insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor – human
3loh, 2dtg - insulin receptor ectodomain – human
Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor

Progesterone

3hq5,3g8n, 3g8o, 3hq5 - Progesterone – human

Thyroid-Stimulating hormone

3g04 - TSH receptor in complex with a thyroid-stimulating autoantibody – human
2xwt - TSH receptor in complex with a thyroid-inactivating autoantibody – human

Thyroid hormone

2nll - DNA-Binding domain in complex with an inverted repeat class of thyroid response element– rat
1xzx

Thyroxine

2xn3, 2xn5, 2xn6, 2xn7 - Thyroxine-binding Globulin – human

domain of the human splice variant hPAC1-RS determined by NMR - human

ADD 3dzu

See Also

• Cancer
• Membrane proteins
• G protein-coupled receptors
• Nobel Prizes for 3D Molecular Structure
• Highest impact structures of all time

External Resources

• Sequence-Structure-Function-Analysis of Glycoprotein Hormone Receptors
• GRIS: Glycoprotein-hormone Receptors Information System
• The GPCR-SSFE Database: A Homology Model Resource for G-Protein Coupled Receptors
• The feature on Growth Hormone by Shuchismita Dutta and David S. Goodsell for the April 2004 RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month.
• NeuroPedia, a neuropeptide database and spectral library