| Structural highlights
1hph is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full experimental information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
| | Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, RCSB, PDBsum |
Disease
[PTHY_HUMAN] Defects in PTH are a cause of familial isolated hypoparathyroidism (FIH) [MIM:146200]; also called autosomal dominant hypoparathyroidism or autosomal dominant hypocalcemia. FIH is characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia due to inadequate secretion of parathyroid hormone. Symptoms are seizures, tetany and cramps. FIH exist both as autosomal dominant and recessive forms of hypoparathyroidism.[1] [2] [3]
Function
[PTHY_HUMAN] PTH elevates calcium level by dissolving the salts in bone and preventing their renal excretion. Stimulates [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblastic cells.[4]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Human parathyroid hormone (hPTH), amino acids Ser1 to Leu37, is biologically active with respect to both receptor binding and activation of adenylate cyclase to influence the serum calcium concentration. It induces DNA synthesis via an unknown signal pathway. We investigated the structure of hPTH(1-37) in H2O/buffer solution under near physiological conditions, that is pH 6.0 and 270 mM salt, by circular dichroism, ultracentrifugation, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics calculations. Complete sequence specific assignments of all 1H resonances were performed by using 1H two-dimensional NMR measurements (double quantum-filtered correlated spectroscopy, nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY), and total correlation spectroscopy with suppression of NOESY-type cross-peaks spectra). hPTH(1-37) obtained helical structure and showed hydrophobic interactions defining a tertiary structure. The NH2-terminal four amino acids of hPTH(1-37) did not show a stable conformation. Evidence for an alpha-helical region between Ile5 and Asn10 was found. This region was followed by a flexible link (Gly12, Lys13) and a well defined turn region, His14 to Ser17. The latter was stabilized by hydrophobic interactions between Trp23 and Leu15. Ser17 through at least Leu28 formed an alpha-helix. Arg20 and Lys27 were involved in the core built by His14 to Ser17. Unrestrained molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the structure was stable on the 200 ps time scale.
Structure of human parathyroid hormone 1-37 in solution.,Marx UC, Austermann S, Bayer P, Adermann K, Ejchart A, Sticht H, Walter S, Schmid FX, Jaenicke R, Forssmann WG, et al. J Biol Chem. 1995 Jun 23;270(25):15194-202. PMID:7797503[5]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Arnold A, Horst SA, Gardella TJ, Baba H, Levine MA, Kronenberg HM. Mutation of the signal peptide-encoding region of the preproparathyroid hormone gene in familial isolated hypoparathyroidism. J Clin Invest. 1990 Oct;86(4):1084-7. PMID:2212001 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI114811
- ↑ Sunthornthepvarakul T, Churesigaew S, Ngowngarmratana S. A novel mutation of the signal peptide of the preproparathyroid hormone gene associated with autosomal recessive familial isolated hypoparathyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Oct;84(10):3792-6. PMID:10523031
- ↑ Datta R, Waheed A, Shah GN, Sly WS. Signal sequence mutation in autosomal dominant form of hypoparathyroidism induces apoptosis that is corrected by a chemical chaperone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Dec 11;104(50):19989-94. Epub 2007 Dec 3. PMID:18056632 doi:10.1073/pnas.0708725104
- ↑ Zoidis E, Ghirlanda-Keller C, Schmid C. Stimulation of glucose transport in osteoblastic cells by parathyroid hormone and insulin-like growth factor I. Mol Cell Biochem. 2011 Feb;348(1-2):33-42. doi: 10.1007/s11010-010-0634-z. Epub, 2010 Nov 13. PMID:21076856 doi:10.1007/s11010-010-0634-z
- ↑ Marx UC, Austermann S, Bayer P, Adermann K, Ejchart A, Sticht H, Walter S, Schmid FX, Jaenicke R, Forssmann WG, et al.. Structure of human parathyroid hormone 1-37 in solution. J Biol Chem. 1995 Jun 23;270(25):15194-202. PMID:7797503
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