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Publication Abstract from PubMed

Lacking any discernible sequence similarity, interleukin-34 (IL-34) and colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) signal through a common receptor CSF-1R on cells of mononuclear phagocyte lineage. Here, the crystal structure of dimeric IL-34 reveals a helical cytokine fold homologous to CSF-1, and we further show that the complex architecture of IL-34 bound to the N-terminal immunoglobulin domains of CSF-1R is similar to the CSF-1/CSF-1R assembly. However, unique conformational adaptations in the receptor domain geometry and intermolecular interface explain the cross-reactivity of CSF-1R for two such distantly related ligands. The docking adaptations of the IL-34 and CSF-1 quaternary complexes, when compared to the stem cell factor assembly, draw a common evolutionary theme for transmembrane signaling. In addition, the structure of IL-34 engaged by a Fab fragment reveals the mechanism of a neutralizing antibody that can help deconvolute IL-34 from CSF-1 biology, with implications for therapeutic intervention in diseases with myeloid pathogenic mechanisms.

Structural Basis for the Dual Recognition of Helical Cytokines IL-34 and CSF-1 by CSF-1R.,Ma X, Lin WY, Chen Y, Stawicki S, Mukhyala K, Wu Y, Martin F, Bazan JF, Starovasnik MA Structure. 2012 Apr 4;20(4):676-87. Epub 2012 Apr 3. PMID:22483114^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.