2l2i

Structural highlights

Disease

[KLF1_HUMAN] Hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin - beta-thalassemia;Hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin - sickle cell disease;Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia due to KLF1 mutation. Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia 4 (CDA4) [MIM:613673]: A blood disorder characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis and hemolysis resulting in anemia. Circulating erythroblasts and erythroblasts in the bone marrow show various morphologic abnormalities. Affected individuals with CDA4 also have increased levels of fetal hemoglobin. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.^[1]

Function

[TFB1_YEAST] Acts as component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core, which is essential for both basal and activated transcription, and is involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA. TFIIH has CTD kinase and DNA-dependent ATPase activity, and is essential for polymerase II transcription in vitro.^{[2] [3]} [KLF1_HUMAN] Transcription regulator of erythrocyte development that probably serves as a general switch factor during erythropoiesis. Is a dual regulator of fetal-to-adult globin switching. Binds to the CACCC box in the beta-globin gene promoter and acts as a preferential activator of this gene. Furthermore, it binds to the BCL11A promoter and activates expression of BCL11A, which in turn represses the HBG1 and HBG2 genes. This dual activity ensures that, in most adults, fetal hemoglobin levels are low. Able to activate CD44 and AQP1 promoters. When sumoylated, acts as a transcriptional repressor by promoting interaction with CDH2/MI2beta and also represses megakaryocytic differentiation (By similarity).^{[4] [5]}

References

1. ↑ Arnaud L, Saison C, Helias V, Lucien N, Steschenko D, Giarratana MC, Prehu C, Foliguet B, Montout L, de Brevern AG, Francina A, Ripoche P, Fenneteau O, Da Costa L, Peyrard T, Coghlan G, Illum N, Birgens H, Tamary H, Iolascon A, Delaunay J, Tchernia G, Cartron JP. A dominant mutation in the gene encoding the erythroid transcription factor KLF1 causes a congenital dyserythropoietic anemia. Am J Hum Genet. 2010 Nov 12;87(5):721-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.10.010. Epub, 2010 Nov 4. PMID:21055716 doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.10.010
2. ↑ Svejstrup JQ, Feaver WJ, LaPointe J, Kornberg RD. RNA polymerase transcription factor IIH holoenzyme from yeast. J Biol Chem. 1994 Nov 11;269(45):28044-8. PMID:7961739
3. ↑ Sung P, Guzder SN, Prakash L, Prakash S. Reconstitution of TFIIH and requirement of its DNA helicase subunits, Rad3 and Rad25, in the incision step of nucleotide excision repair. J Biol Chem. 1996 May 3;271(18):10821-6. PMID:8631896
4. ↑ Arnaud L, Saison C, Helias V, Lucien N, Steschenko D, Giarratana MC, Prehu C, Foliguet B, Montout L, de Brevern AG, Francina A, Ripoche P, Fenneteau O, Da Costa L, Peyrard T, Coghlan G, Illum N, Birgens H, Tamary H, Iolascon A, Delaunay J, Tchernia G, Cartron JP. A dominant mutation in the gene encoding the erythroid transcription factor KLF1 causes a congenital dyserythropoietic anemia. Am J Hum Genet. 2010 Nov 12;87(5):721-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.10.010. Epub, 2010 Nov 4. PMID:21055716 doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.10.010
5. ↑ Borg J, Papadopoulos P, Georgitsi M, Gutierrez L, Grech G, Fanis P, Phylactides M, Verkerk AJ, van der Spek PJ, Scerri CA, Cassar W, Galdies R, van Ijcken W, Ozgur Z, Gillemans N, Hou J, Bugeja M, Grosveld FG, von Lindern M, Felice AE, Patrinos GP, Philipsen S. Haploinsufficiency for the erythroid transcription factor KLF1 causes hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin. Nat Genet. 2010 Sep;42(9):801-5. doi: 10.1038/ng.630. Epub 2010 Aug 1. PMID:20676099 doi:10.1038/ng.630