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3giv
From Proteopedia
Antigen processing influences HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte immunodominance
Structural highlights
Disease[B2MG_HUMAN] Defects in B2M are the cause of hypercatabolic hypoproteinemia (HYCATHYP) [MIM:241600]. Affected individuals show marked reduction in serum concentrations of immunoglobulin and albumin, probably due to rapid degradation.[1] Note=Beta-2-microglobulin may adopt the fibrillar configuration of amyloid in certain pathologic states. The capacity to assemble into amyloid fibrils is concentration dependent. Persistently high beta(2)-microglobulin serum levels lead to amyloidosis in patients on long-term hemodialysis.[2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] Function[1A02_HUMAN] Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system. [Q9YYH6_9HIV1] Capsid protein p24 forms the conical core of the virus that encapsulates the genomic RNA-nucleocapsid complex (By similarity).[SAAS:SAAS012344_004_008806] Nucleocapsid protein p7 encapsulates and protects viral dimeric unspliced (genomic) RNA. Binds these RNAs through its zinc fingers (By similarity).[SAAS:SAAS012344_004_011858] [B2MG_HUMAN] Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system. Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedAlthough cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in people infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 can potentially target multiple virus epitopes, the same few are recognized repeatedly. We show here that CTL immunodominance in regions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group-associated antigen proteins p17 and p24 correlated with epitope abundance, which was strongly influenced by proteasomal digestion profiles, affinity for the transporter protein TAP, and trimming mediated by the endoplasmatic reticulum aminopeptidase ERAAP, and was moderately influenced by HLA affinity. Structural and functional analyses demonstrated that proteasomal cleavage 'preferences' modulated the number and length of epitope-containing peptides, thereby affecting the response avidity and clonality of T cells. Cleavage patterns were affected by both flanking and intraepitope CTL-escape mutations. Our analyses show that antigen processing shapes CTL response hierarchies and that viral evolution modifies cleavage patterns and suggest strategies for in vitro vaccine optimization. Antigen processing influences HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte immunodominance.,Tenzer S, Wee E, Burgevin A, Stewart-Jones G, Friis L, Lamberth K, Chang CH, Harndahl M, Weimershaus M, Gerstoft J, Akkad N, Klenerman P, Fugger L, Jones EY, McMichael AJ, Buus S, Schild H, van Endert P, Iversen AK Nat Immunol. 2009 Jun;10(6):636-46. Epub 2009 May 3. PMID:19412183[15] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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Categories: Homo sapiens | Iversen, A K.N | Jones, E Y | Stewart-Jones, G | Antigen | Disease mutation | Disulfide bond | Escape | Glycation | Glycoprotein | Hiv | Host-virus interaction | Immune recognition | Immune response | Immune system | Immunoglobulin domain | Membrane | Mhc | Mhc i | Phosphoprotein | Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid | Secreteds' | Transmembrane
