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Defensins-α-1 playing a role against trypanosoma cruzy
Introduction
Defensins (DEF) are a family of protein which are involved in host defenses in the epithelia of mucosal surfaces such as those of the intestin, respiratory tract, urinary tract, and vagina. There are antimicrobial and cytotoxic. All the protein of the family are distinguished by a cystein motif and are encoded on the chromozome 8. [1]. There are many defensins but in this article we'll focus on the defensin-α-1. The defensin-α-1 is a polypeptide which is found in the microbicidal granules of neutrophils. It is syntetisize in the Paneth cell, which plays a role in the defense processes. [2]It plays a role in phagocite-mediated host defense.
In this article, we'll focus on the action of the defensin-α-1 against the "trypanosoma cruzy".
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Biological role
DEF are known to play a role in the in the initiation of innate immune responses to some microbial pathogens. For example defensins-α-1 have a role against the bacteria "Trypanosoma cruzi" [3]."Trypanosoma cruzy" or "Cruzy" debilitats Chagas disease, which affects millions of people and products significant morbidity and mortality. Defensine-α-1 are secreted by the HCT116 cells (which are Paneth cells), when they are infect by "Cruzy". They reduces the infection making damage of the flagella structure. This damage inhibit parasite motility and reduce cellular infection. This reaction is introduce in the following drawing.
 Mevalonate Pathway. Note the early stage at which the statins interfere in the pathway |
Structure
[4]."
 Defensin-α-1 cysteine connectivities. [5]." |
References
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/1667
- ↑ https://books.google.fr/books Histologie et biologie cellulaire: Une introduction à l'anatomie pathologique Abraham L. Kierszenbaum 2002
- ↑ http://iai.asm.org/content/81/11/4139.full/ref
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2049026/
- ↑ Stephen H Wile, William C Wimley and Michael E Selsted. Structure, function, and membrane integration of defensins. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 1995. University of California, Irvine, USA
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