| Structural highlights
Function
[KAPCA_BOVIN] Phosphorylates a large number of substrates in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Regulates the abundance of compartmentalized pools of its regulatory subunits through phosphorylation of PJA2 which binds and ubiquitinates these subunits, leading to their subsequent proteolysis. Phosphorylates CDC25B, ABL1, NFKB1, CLDN3, PSMC5/RPT6, PJA2, RYR2, RORA, TRPC1 and VASP. RORA is activated by phosphorylation. Required for glucose-mediated adipogenic differentiation increase and osteogenic differentiation inhibition from osteoblasts. Involved in the regulation of platelets in response to thrombin and collagen; maintains circulating platelets in a resting state by phosphorylating proteins in numerous platelet inhibitory pathways when in complex with NF-kappa-B (NFKB1 and NFKB2) and I-kappa-B-alpha (NFKBIA), but thrombin and collagen disrupt these complexes and free active PRKACA stimulates platelets and leads to platelet aggregation by phosphorylating VASP. Prevents the antiproliferative and anti-invasive effects of alpha-difluoromethylornithine in breast cancer cells when activated. RYR2 channel activity is potentiated by phosphorylation in presence of luminal Ca(2+), leading to reduced amplitude and increased frequency of store overload-induced Ca(2+) release (SOICR) characterized by an increased rate of Ca(2+) release and propagation velocity of spontaneous Ca(2+) waves, despite reduced wave amplitude and resting cytosolic Ca(2+). TRPC1 activation by phosphorylation promotes Ca(2+) influx, essential for the increase in permeability induced by thrombin in confluent endothelial monolayers. PSMC5/RPT6 activation by phosphorylation stimulates proteasome. Regulates negatively tight junction (TJs) in ovarian cancer cells via CLDN3 phosphorylation. NFKB1 phosphorylation promotes NF-kappa-B p50-p50 DNA binding. Involved in embryonic development by down-regulating the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway that determines embryo pattern formation and morphogenesis. Isoform 2 phosphorylates and activates ABL1 in sperm flagellum to promote spermatozoa capacitation. Prevents meiosis resumption in prophase-arrested oocytes via CDC25B inactivation by phosphorylation. May also regulate rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in the pedunculopontine tegmental (PPT) (By similarity).
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
A novel series of Akt/PKB inhibitors derived from a screening lead (1) has been prepared. The novel trans-3,4'-bispyridinylethylenes described herein are potent inhibitors of Akt/PKB with IC(50) values in the low double-digit nanomolar range against Akt1. Compound 2q shows excellent selectivity against distinct families of kinases such as tyrosine kinases and CAMK, and displays poor to modest selectivity against closely related kinases in the AGC and CMGC families. The cellular activities including inhibition of cell growth and phosphorylation of downstream target GSK3 are also described. The X-ray structure of compound 2q complexed with PKA in the ATP binding site was determined.
Discovery of trans-3,4'-bispyridinylethylenes as potent and novel inhibitors of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) for the treatment of cancer: Synthesis and biological evaluation.,Li Q, Li T, Zhu GD, Gong J, Claibone A, Dalton C, Luo Y, Johnson EF, Shi Y, Liu X, Klinghofer V, Bauch JL, Marsh KC, Bouska JJ, Arries S, De Jong R, Oltersdorf T, Stoll VS, Jakob CG, Rosenberg SH, Giranda VL Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Mar 15;16(6):1679-85. Epub 2006 Jan 5. PMID:16403626[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Li Q, Li T, Zhu GD, Gong J, Claibone A, Dalton C, Luo Y, Johnson EF, Shi Y, Liu X, Klinghofer V, Bauch JL, Marsh KC, Bouska JJ, Arries S, De Jong R, Oltersdorf T, Stoll VS, Jakob CG, Rosenberg SH, Giranda VL. Discovery of trans-3,4'-bispyridinylethylenes as potent and novel inhibitors of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) for the treatment of cancer: Synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Mar 15;16(6):1679-85. Epub 2006 Jan 5. PMID:16403626 doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.12.017
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