4zrl

Structural highlights

Function

[GLD2_CAEEL] Cytoplasmic poly(A) RNA polymerase that adds successive AMP monomers to the 3'-end of specific RNAs, forming a poly(A) tail. Acts as a regulator of mitosis/meiosis required for progression through meiotic prophase during oogenesis and spermatogenesis and for promotion of the entry into meiosis from the mitotic cell cycle. May act by regulating and activating gld-1 mRNA activity in germline.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]} [GLD3_CAEEL] Required maternally for germline survival and embryogenesis. Forms a complex with gls-1 which promotes the oogenic cell fate by freeing the translational repressor fbf to repress sperm promoting factors. Promotes maturation of primary spermatocytes to mature sperm. Required during hermaphrodite development to promote sperm fate, which is critical for determining the normal number of sperm. Promotion of sperm fate is at the expense of oogenesis, possibly through the negative regulation of fbf. Required during male development for the continued production of sperm and inhibition of oogenesis. Together with gld-2, promotes the transition from mitosis to meiosis.^{[8] [9] [10]}

References

1. ↑ Wang L, Eckmann CR, Kadyk LC, Wickens M, Kimble J. A regulatory cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerase in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature. 2002 Sep 19;419(6904):312-6. PMID:12239571 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01039
2. ↑ Hansen D, Wilson-Berry L, Dang T, Schedl T. Control of the proliferation versus meiotic development decision in the C. elegans germline through regulation of GLD-1 protein accumulation. Development. 2004 Jan;131(1):93-104. Epub 2003 Dec 3. PMID:14660440 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.00916
3. ↑ Hansen D, Hubbard EJ, Schedl T. Multi-pathway control of the proliferation versus meiotic development decision in the Caenorhabditis elegans germline. Dev Biol. 2004 Apr 15;268(2):342-57. PMID:15063172 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2003.12.023
4. ↑ Maine EM, Hansen D, Springer D, Vought VE. Caenorhabditis elegans atx-2 promotes germline proliferation and the oocyte fate. Genetics. 2004 Oct;168(2):817-30. PMID:15514056 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.104.029355
5. ↑ Vought VE, Ohmachi M, Lee MH, Maine EM. EGO-1, a putative RNA-directed RNA polymerase, promotes germline proliferation in parallel with GLP-1/notch signaling and regulates the spatial organization of nuclear pore complexes and germline P granules in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics. 2005 Jul;170(3):1121-32. Epub 2005 May 23. PMID:15911573 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.105.042135
6. ↑ Suh N, Jedamzik B, Eckmann CR, Wickens M, Kimble J. The GLD-2 poly(A) polymerase activates gld-1 mRNA in the Caenorhabditis elegans germ line. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Oct 10;103(41):15108-12. Epub 2006 Sep 29. PMID:17012378 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0607050103
7. ↑ Kadyk LC, Kimble J. Genetic regulation of entry into meiosis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Development. 1998 May;125(10):1803-13. PMID:9550713
8. ↑ Eckmann CR, Kraemer B, Wickens M, Kimble J. GLD-3, a bicaudal-C homolog that inhibits FBF to control germline sex determination in C. elegans. Dev Cell. 2002 Nov;3(5):697-710. PMID:12431376
9. ↑ Eckmann CR, Crittenden SL, Suh N, Kimble J. GLD-3 and control of the mitosis/meiosis decision in the germline of Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics. 2004 Sep;168(1):147-60. PMID:15454534 doi:10.1534/genetics.104.029264
10. ↑ Rybarska A, Harterink M, Jedamzik B, Kupinski AP, Schmid M, Eckmann CR. GLS-1, a novel P granule component, modulates a network of conserved RNA regulators to influence germ cell fate decisions. PLoS Genet. 2009 May;5(5):e1000494. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000494. Epub 2009 , May 22. PMID:19461891 doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000494