| Structural highlights
Function
[TIFA_HUMAN] Adapter protein which mediates the IRAK1 and TRAF6 interaction following IL-1 stimulation, resulting in the downstream activation of NF-kappa-B and AP-1 pathways. Induces the oligomerization and polyubiquitination of TRAF6, which leads to the activation of TAK1 and IKK through a proteasome-independent mechanism.[1] [2]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Forkhead-associated (FHA) domain is the only signaling domain that recognizes phosphothreonine (pThr) specifically. TRAF-interacting protein with an FHA domain (TIFA) was shown to be involved in immune responses by binding with TRAF2 and TRAF6. We recently reported that TIFA is a dimer in solution and that, upon stimulation by TNF-alpha, TIFA is phosphorylated at Thr9, which triggers TIFA oligomerization via pThr9-FHA domain binding and activates nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). However, the structural mechanism for the functionally important TIFA oligomerization remains to be established. While FHA domain-pThr binding is known to mediate protein dimerization, its role in oligomerization has not been demonstrated at the structural level. Here we report the crystal structures of TIFA (residues 1-150, with the unstructured C-terminal tail truncated) and its complex with the N-terminal pThr9 peptide (residues 1-15), which show unique features in the FHA structure (intrinsic dimer and extra beta-strand) and in its interaction with the pThr peptide (with residues preceding rather than following pThr). These structural features support previous and additional functional analyses. Furthermore, the structure of the complex suggests that the pThr9-FHA domain interaction can occur only between different sets of dimers rather than between the two protomers within a dimer, providing the structural mechanism for TIFA oligomerization. Our results uncover the mechanism of FHA domain-mediated oligomerization in a key step of immune responses and expand the paradigm of FHA domain structure and function.
Uncovering the Mechanism of Forkhead-Associated Domain-Mediated TIFA Oligomerization That Plays a Central Role in Immune Responses.,Weng JH, Hsieh YC, Huang CC, Wei TY, Lim LH, Chen YH, Ho MR, Wang I, Huang KF, Chen CJ, Tsai MD Biochemistry. 2015 Oct 13;54(40):6219-29. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00500. Epub , 2015 Oct 1. PMID:26389808[3]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Takatsuna H, Kato H, Gohda J, Akiyama T, Moriya A, Okamoto Y, Yamagata Y, Otsuka M, Umezawa K, Semba K, Inoue J. Identification of TIFA as an adapter protein that links tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) to interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor-associated kinase-1 (IRAK-1) in IL-1 receptor signaling. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 4;278(14):12144-50. Epub 2003 Feb 3. PMID:12566447 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M300720200
- ↑ Ea CK, Sun L, Inoue J, Chen ZJ. TIFA activates IkappaB kinase (IKK) by promoting oligomerization and ubiquitination of TRAF6. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Oct 26;101(43):15318-23. Epub 2004 Oct 18. PMID:15492226 doi:http://dx.doi.org/0404132101
- ↑ Weng JH, Hsieh YC, Huang CC, Wei TY, Lim LH, Chen YH, Ho MR, Wang I, Huang KF, Chen CJ, Tsai MD. Uncovering the Mechanism of Forkhead-Associated Domain-Mediated TIFA Oligomerization That Plays a Central Role in Immune Responses. Biochemistry. 2015 Oct 13;54(40):6219-29. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00500. Epub , 2015 Oct 1. PMID:26389808 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00500
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