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From Proteopedia
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE COMPLETE TRANSACTIVATION DOMAIN OF E2 PROTEIN FROM THE HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE 16
Structural highlights
Function[VE2_HPV16] Plays an accessory role in initiation of DNA replication. A dimer of E2 interacts with a dimer of E1 in order to improve specificity of E1 DNA binding activity. Once the complex recognizes and binds DNA at specific sites, the E2 dimer is removed from DNA. E2 also regulates viral transcription through binding to the E2RE response element (5'-ACCNNNNNNGGT-3') present in multiple copies in the regulatory regions of the viral genome. Activates or represses transcription depending on E2RE's position with regards to proximal promoter elements including the TATA-box. Repression occurs by sterically hindering the assembly of the transcription initiation complex.[1] [2] [3] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedPapillomaviruses cause warts and proliferative lesions in skin and other epithelia. In a minority of papillomavirus types ('high risk, including human papillomaviruses 16, 18, 31, 33, 45 and 56), further transformation of the wart lesions can produce tumours. The papillomavirus E2 protein controls primary transcription and replication of the viral genome. Both activities are governed by a approximately 200 amino-acid amino-terminal module (E2NT) which is connected to a DNA-binding carboxy-terminal module by a flexible linker. Here we describe the crystal structure of the complete E2NT module from human papillomavirus 16. The E2NT module forms a dimer both in the crystal and in solution. Amino acids that are necessary for transactivation are located at the dimer interface, indicating that the dimer structure may be important in the interactions of E2NT with viral and cellular transcription factors. We propose that dimer formation may contribute to the stabilization of DNA loops which may serve to relocate distal DNA-binding transcription factors to the site of human papillomavirus transcription initiation. Structure of the intact transactivation domain of the human papillomavirus E2 protein.,Antson AA, Burns JE, Moroz OV, Scott DJ, Sanders CM, Bronstein IB, Dodson GG, Wilson KS, Maitland NJ Nature. 2000 Feb 17;403(6771):805-9. PMID:10693813[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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