3f9p
From Proteopedia
Crystal structure of myeloperoxidase from human leukocytes
Structural highlights
Disease[PERM_HUMAN] Defects in MPO are the cause of myeloperoxidase deficiency (MPOD) [MIM:254600]. A disorder characterized by decreased myeloperoxidase activity in neutrophils and monocytes that results in disseminated candidiasis.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Function[PERM_HUMAN] Part of the host defense system of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It is responsible for microbicidal activity against a wide range of organisms. In the stimulated PMN, MPO catalyzes the production of hypohalous acids, primarily hypochlorous acid in physiologic situations, and other toxic intermediates that greatly enhance PMN microbicidal activity. Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedIn heme enzymes belonging to the peroxidase-cyclooxygenase superfamily the proximal histidine is in close interaction with a fully conserved asparagine. The crystal structure of a mixture of glycoforms of myeloperoxidase (MPO) purified from granules of human leukocytes prompted us to revise the orientation of this asparagine and the protonation status of the proximal histidine. The data we present contrast with previous MPO structures, but are strongly supported by molecular dynamics simulations. Moreover, comprehensive analysis of published lactoperoxidase structures suggest that the described proximal heme architecture is a general structural feature of animal heme peroxidases. Its importance is underlined by the fact that the MPO variant N421D, recombinantly expressed in mammalian cell lines, exhibited modified spectral properties and diminished catalytic activity compared with wild-type recombinant MPO. It completely lost its ability to oxidize chloride to hypochlorous acid, which is a characteristic feature of MPO and essential for its role in host defense. The presented crystal structure of MPO revealed further important differences compared with the published structures including the extent of glycosylation, interaction between light and heavy polypeptides, as well as heme to protein covalent bonds. These data are discussed with respect to biosynthesis and post-translational maturation of MPO as well as to its peculiar biochemical and biophysical properties. Essential role of proximal histidine-asparagine interaction in mammalian peroxidases.,Carpena X, Vidossich P, Schroettner K, Calisto BM, Banerjee S, Stampler J, Soudi M, Furtmuller PG, Rovira C, Fita I, Obinger C J Biol Chem. 2009 Sep 18;284(38):25929-37. Epub 2009 Jul 16. PMID:19608745[6] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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Categories: Homo sapiens | Peroxidase | Carpena, X | Fita, I | Obinger, C | Disease mutation | Disulfide bond | Glycoprotein | Heme | Heme to protein linkage | Hydrogen peroxide | Imidazolate | Iron | Lysosome | Metal-binding | Myeloperoxidase | Oxidation | Oxidoreductase | Peroxidase-cyclooxygenase superfamily
