Structural highlights
Disease
[PRIO_BOVIN] Note=Variations in PRNP are responsible of transmissible bovine spongiform encephalopathies (BSE), a class of neurodegenerative diseases that affect various mammals. These diseases are caused by abnormally folded prion proteins. BSE can be subdivided into at least three groups: classical, H-type and L-type, with the latter 2 collectively referred to as atypical BSE. Susceptibility or resistance to a BSE disease can be influenced by at least 3 factors related to the host prion protein: protein expression levels, number of octapeptide repeats, and specific polymorphisms. In cattle, as in humans, BSEs can occur as infectious, spontaneous and genetic diseases.
Function
[PRIO_BOVIN] May play a role in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. May be required for neuronal myelin sheath maintenance. May play a role in iron uptake and iron homeostasis. Soluble oligomers are toxic to cultured neuroblastoma cells and induce apoptosis (in vitro). Association with GPC1 (via its heparan sulfate chains) targets PRNP to lipid rafts. Also provides Cu(2+) or ZN(2+) for the ascorbate-mediated GPC1 deaminase degradation of its heparan sulfate side chains (By similarity).
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The structure and membrane interaction of the N-terminal sequence (1-30) of the bovine prion protein (bPrPp) has been investigated by NMR spectroscopy in phospholipid membrane mimetic systems. CD spectroscopy revealed that the peptide adopts a largely alpha-helical structure in zwitterionic bicelles as well as in DHPC micelles but has a less degree of alpha-helix structure in partly charged bicelles. The solution structure of bPrPp was determined in DHPC micelles, and an alpha-helix was found between residues Ser8 and Ile21. The residues within the helical region show slow amide hydrogen exchange. Translational diffusion measurements in zwitterionic q = 0.5 bicelles show that the peptide does not induce aggregation of the bicelles. Increased quadrupolar splittings were observed in the outer part of the (2)H spectrum of DMPC in q = 3.5 bicelles, indicating that the peptide induces a certain degree of order in the bilayer. The amide hydrogen exchange and the (2)H NMR results are consistent with a slight positive hydrophobic mismatch and that bPrPp forms a stable helix that inserts in a transmembrane location in the bilayer. The structure of bPrPp and its position in the membrane may be relevant for the understanding of how the N-terminal (1-30) part of the bovine PrP functions as a cell-penetrating peptide. These findings may lead to a better understanding of how the prion protein accumulates at the membrane surface and also how the conversion into the scrapie form is carried out.
NMR solution structure and membrane interaction of the N-terminal sequence (1-30) of the bovine prion protein.,Biverstahl H, Andersson A, Graslund A, Maler L Biochemistry. 2004 Nov 30;43(47):14940-7. PMID:15554701[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Biverstahl H, Andersson A, Graslund A, Maler L. NMR solution structure and membrane interaction of the N-terminal sequence (1-30) of the bovine prion protein. Biochemistry. 2004 Nov 30;43(47):14940-7. PMID:15554701 doi:10.1021/bi0485070
