Glutathione peroxidase

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Contents 1 Function 2 Relevance 3 3D Structures of glutathione peroxidase 4 References

Function

Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) reduces lipid hydroperoxides to alcohols and free hydrogen peroxide to water. Thus, GPX protects the organism from oxidative damage^[1]. There are several isozymes of GPX. Eight isozymes have been found in human.

• GPX1 is found in the cytoplasm and reduces hydrogen peroxide^[2].
  
• GPX2 is intestinal and extracellular.
  
• GPX3 is abundant in plasma.
  
• GPX4 substrate is lipid hydroxyperoxide.

Relevance

Low levels of GPX are found in patients of vitiligo, type 2 diabetes and relapsing multiple sclerosis. There is age-related decrease of GPX activity and hence in antioxidant activity.

3D Structures of glutathione peroxidase

Updated on 10-March-2016

References

1. ↑ Arthur JR. The glutathione peroxidases. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2000 Dec;57(13-14):1825-35. PMID:11215509
2. ↑ Lei XG, Cheng WH, McClung JP. Metabolic regulation and function of glutathione peroxidase-1. Annu Rev Nutr. 2007;27:41-61. PMID:17465855 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093716