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Glucose Homeostasis
Glucocorticoids (GC) are involved extensively in the regulation of physiological glucose levels.
Gluconeogenesis
Gluconeogenesis occurs mainly in the liver to generate glucose from non-carbohydrate substrates such as lactate, glycerol, and gluconeogenic amino acids such as alanine. insert pathway
GC increase the activity of gluconeogenesis in hepatic cells predominantly by activating the transcription of genes encoding gluconeogenic enzymes such as pyruvate carboxylase (PC), cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1), phosphofructokinase 2/fructose bisphosphatase 2 complex (PFKFB1), glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6PC), and glucose-6-phosophate (G6P) transporter. GC coordinate with an intracellular glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to signal transcription. Prior to the GC/GR binding however, GR is complexed with a chaperone Hsp90 in the cytoplasm. Upon binding of the GC to the GR, the GR/Hsp90 complex dissociates where
Disease
Relevance
Structural highlights
