Structural highlights
Disease
[ACTN2_HUMAN] Defects in ACTN2 are the cause of cardiomyopathy dilated type 1AA (CMD1AA) [MIM:612158]. Dilated cardiomyopathy is a disorder characterized by ventricular dilation and impaired systolic function, resulting in congestive heart failure and arrhythmia. Patients are at risk of premature death.[1]
Function
[ACTN2_HUMAN] F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. This is a bundling protein.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
alpha-actinin 2 (ACTN2) is the only muscle isoform of alpha-actinin expressed in cardiac muscle. Mutations in this protein have been implicated in mild to moderate forms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We have investigated the effects of two mutations identified from HCM patients; A119T and G111V, on the secondary and tertiary structure of a purified actin binding domain of ACTN2 by circular dichroism and X-ray crystallography, and show small but distinct changes for both mutations. We also find that both mutants have reduced F-actin binding affinity, although the differences are not significant. The full length mEos2 tagged protein expressed in adult cardiomyocytes shows that both mutations additionally affect Z-disc localisation and dynamic behaviour. Overall, these two mutations have small effects on structure, function and behaviour, which may contribute to a mild phenotype for this disease.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Mutations in the calponin-homology domain of ACTN2 affect actin binding and cardiomyocyte Z-disc incorporation.,Haywood N, Wolny M, Rogers B, Trinh CH, Shuping Y, Edwards TA, Peckham M Biochem J. 2016 Jun 10. pii: BCJ20160421. PMID:27287556[2]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Mohapatra B, Jimenez S, Lin JH, Bowles KR, Coveler KJ, Marx JG, Chrisco MA, Murphy RT, Lurie PR, Schwartz RJ, Elliott PM, Vatta M, McKenna W, Towbin JA, Bowles NE. Mutations in the muscle LIM protein and alpha-actinin-2 genes in dilated cardiomyopathy and endocardial fibroelastosis. Mol Genet Metab. 2003 Sep-Oct;80(1-2):207-15. PMID:14567970
- ↑ Haywood N, Wolny M, Rogers B, Trinh CH, Shuping Y, Edwards TA, Peckham M. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Mutations in the calponin-homology domain of ACTN2 affect actin binding and cardiomyocyte Z-disc incorporation. Biochem J. 2016 Jun 10. pii: BCJ20160421. PMID:27287556 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20160421
