Structural highlights
3o3z is a 2 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
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| Ligands: | |
| NonStd Res: | , , , , , |
| Related: | 3o3x, 3o3y, 3o40, 3o42, 3o43 |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT |
Function
[Q9YP39_9HIV1] The envelope glyprotein gp160 precursor down-modulates cell surface CD4 antigen by interacting with it in the endoplasmic reticulum and blocking its transport to the cell surface (By similarity).[RuleBase:RU004292][SAAS:SAAS000328_004_020447] The gp120-gp41 heterodimer allows rapid transcytosis of the virus through CD4 negative cells such as simple epithelial monolayers of the intestinal, rectal and endocervical epithelial barriers. Both gp120 and gp41 specifically recognize glycosphingolipids galactosyl-ceramide (GalCer) or 3' sulfo-galactosyl-ceramide (GalS) present in the lipid rafts structures of epithelial cells. Binding to these alternative receptors allows the rapid transcytosis of the virus through the epithelial cells. This transcytotic vesicle-mediated transport of virions from the apical side to the basolateral side of the epithelial cells does not involve infection of the cells themselves (By similarity).
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Infection of cells by HIV depends upon profound structural rearrangements within the trimeric viral protein gp41. Critical to this process is the formation of a six-helix bundle in which a set of three N-terminal heptad repeat (NHR) helices assemble to form a core displaying long grooves that provide docking sites for three C-terminal heptad repeat (CHR) helices. We report experiments designed to discriminate between two alternative hypotheses regarding the source of affinity between individual CHR helices and the complementary groove: (1) affinity is dominated by interactions of a small cluster of side chains at one end of the CHR helix; or (2) affinity depends upon interactions distributed across the long CHR helix. We have employed two complementary experimental designs, and results from both favor the latter hypothesis.
Broad Distribution of Energetically Important Contacts across an Extended Protein Interface.,Johnson LM, Horne WS, Gellman SH J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Jul 6;133(26):10038-41. Epub 2011 Jun 14. PMID:21644542[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Johnson LM, Horne WS, Gellman SH. Broad Distribution of Energetically Important Contacts across an Extended Protein Interface. J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Jul 6;133(26):10038-41. Epub 2011 Jun 14. PMID:21644542 doi:10.1021/ja203358t
