| Structural highlights
Function
[POLG_BVDVN] Initial binding to target cell probably involves interaction of E(rns) with glycosaminoglycans. E1 and/or E2 are responsible of cell attachment with CD46 and subsequent fusion after internalization of the virion by endocytosis (Probable).[1] [2] P7 forms a leader sequence to properly orient NS2 in the membrane (By similarity).[3] [4] Uncleaved NS2-3 is required for production of infectious virus.[5] [6] NS2 protease seems to play a vital role in viral RNA replication control and in the pathogenicity of the virus.[7] [8] NS3 displays three enzymatic activities: serine protease, NTPase and RNA helicase.[9] [10] NS4A is a cofactor for the NS3 protease activity (By similarity).[11] [12] RNA-directed RNA polymerase NS5 replicates the viral (+) and (-) genome.[13] [14]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Pestiviruses, including bovine viral diarrhea virus, are important animal pathogens and are closely related to hepatitis C virus, which remains a major global health threat. They have an outer lipid envelope bearing two glycoproteins, E1 and E2, required for cell entry. They deliver their genome into the host cell cytoplasm by fusion of their envelope with a cellular membrane. The crystal structure of bovine viral diarrhea virus E2 reveals a unique protein architecture consisting of two Ig-like domains followed by an elongated beta-stranded domain with a new fold. E2 forms end-to-end homodimers with a conserved C-terminal motif rich in aromatic residues at the contact. A disulfide bond across the interface explains the acid resistance of pestiviruses and their requirement for a redox activation step to initiate fusion. From the structure of E2, we propose alternative possible membrane fusion mechanisms. We expect the pestivirus fusion apparatus to be conserved in hepatitis C virus.
Crystal structure of glycoprotein E2 from bovine viral diarrhea virus.,Li Y, Wang J, Kanai R, Modis Y Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Apr 8. PMID:23569276[15]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Agapov EV, Murray CL, Frolov I, Qu L, Myers TM, Rice CM. Uncleaved NS2-3 is required for production of infectious bovine viral diarrhea virus. J Virol. 2004 Mar;78(5):2414-25. PMID:14963137
- ↑ Lecot S, Belouzard S, Dubuisson J, Rouille Y. Bovine viral diarrhea virus entry is dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Virol. 2005 Aug;79(16):10826-9. PMID:16051874 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10826-10829.2005
- ↑ Agapov EV, Murray CL, Frolov I, Qu L, Myers TM, Rice CM. Uncleaved NS2-3 is required for production of infectious bovine viral diarrhea virus. J Virol. 2004 Mar;78(5):2414-25. PMID:14963137
- ↑ Lecot S, Belouzard S, Dubuisson J, Rouille Y. Bovine viral diarrhea virus entry is dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Virol. 2005 Aug;79(16):10826-9. PMID:16051874 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10826-10829.2005
- ↑ Agapov EV, Murray CL, Frolov I, Qu L, Myers TM, Rice CM. Uncleaved NS2-3 is required for production of infectious bovine viral diarrhea virus. J Virol. 2004 Mar;78(5):2414-25. PMID:14963137
- ↑ Lecot S, Belouzard S, Dubuisson J, Rouille Y. Bovine viral diarrhea virus entry is dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Virol. 2005 Aug;79(16):10826-9. PMID:16051874 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10826-10829.2005
- ↑ Agapov EV, Murray CL, Frolov I, Qu L, Myers TM, Rice CM. Uncleaved NS2-3 is required for production of infectious bovine viral diarrhea virus. J Virol. 2004 Mar;78(5):2414-25. PMID:14963137
- ↑ Lecot S, Belouzard S, Dubuisson J, Rouille Y. Bovine viral diarrhea virus entry is dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Virol. 2005 Aug;79(16):10826-9. PMID:16051874 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10826-10829.2005
- ↑ Agapov EV, Murray CL, Frolov I, Qu L, Myers TM, Rice CM. Uncleaved NS2-3 is required for production of infectious bovine viral diarrhea virus. J Virol. 2004 Mar;78(5):2414-25. PMID:14963137
- ↑ Lecot S, Belouzard S, Dubuisson J, Rouille Y. Bovine viral diarrhea virus entry is dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Virol. 2005 Aug;79(16):10826-9. PMID:16051874 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10826-10829.2005
- ↑ Agapov EV, Murray CL, Frolov I, Qu L, Myers TM, Rice CM. Uncleaved NS2-3 is required for production of infectious bovine viral diarrhea virus. J Virol. 2004 Mar;78(5):2414-25. PMID:14963137
- ↑ Lecot S, Belouzard S, Dubuisson J, Rouille Y. Bovine viral diarrhea virus entry is dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Virol. 2005 Aug;79(16):10826-9. PMID:16051874 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10826-10829.2005
- ↑ Agapov EV, Murray CL, Frolov I, Qu L, Myers TM, Rice CM. Uncleaved NS2-3 is required for production of infectious bovine viral diarrhea virus. J Virol. 2004 Mar;78(5):2414-25. PMID:14963137
- ↑ Lecot S, Belouzard S, Dubuisson J, Rouille Y. Bovine viral diarrhea virus entry is dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Virol. 2005 Aug;79(16):10826-9. PMID:16051874 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10826-10829.2005
- ↑ Li Y, Wang J, Kanai R, Modis Y. Crystal structure of glycoprotein E2 from bovine viral diarrhea virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Apr 8. PMID:23569276 doi:10.1073/pnas.1300524110
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