| Structural highlights
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Function
[RRP7_YEAST] Plays an important role in the synthesis of 18S rRNA but is not required for the 5.8S and 25S pathway. Is necessary for the cleavage at site A2. Is required for efficient association of RPS27 with the pre-ribosomal particle. [IMP3_YEAST] Required for the early cleavages at sites A0, A1 and A2 during 18S ribosomal pre-RNA processing.[1] [2] [FBRL_YEAST] S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that has the ability to methylate both RNAs and proteins. Involved in pre-rRNA processing by catalyzing the site-specific 2'-hydroxyl methylation of ribose moieties in pre-ribosomal RNA (PubMed:1825809). Site specificity is provided by a guide RNA that base pairs with the substrate. Methylation occurs at a characteristic distance from the sequence involved in base pairing with the guide RNA. Involved in the biogenesis of the 18S rRNA. Also acts as a protein methyltransferase by mediating methylation of 'Gln-105' of histone H2A (H2AQ105me), a modification that impairs binding of the FACT complex and is specifically present at 35S ribosomal DNA locus (PubMed:24352239).[3] [4] [5] [UTP12_YEAST] Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA.[6] [UTP13_YEAST] Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA.[7] [RCL1_YEAST] Does not have cyclase activity. Plays a role in 40S-ribosomal-subunit biogenesis in the early pre-rRNA processing steps at sites A0, A1 and A2 that are required for proper maturation of the 18S RNA. Essential for viability. [PWP2_YEAST] Required for bud-site selection and cell separation. Also involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA.[8] [9] [IMP4_YEAST] Required for the early cleavages at sites A0, A1 and A2 during 18S ribosomal pre-RNA processing.[10] [11] [KRR1_YEAST] Required for 40S ribosome biogenesis. Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly. Essential for vegetative growth.[12] [13] [14] [15] [UTP21_YEAST] Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly.[16] [UTP22_YEAST] Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly.[17] [NEP1_YEAST] S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent pseudouridine N(1)-methyltransferase that methylates pseudouridine at position 1189 (Psi1189) in 18S rRNA. Involved the biosynthesis of the hypermodified N1-methyl-N3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl) pseudouridine (m1acp3-Psi) conserved in eukaryotic 18S rRNA. N1-methylation is independent on acp-modification at the N3-position of U1191. Has also an essential role in 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis independent on its methyltransferase activity, facilitating the incorporation of ribosomal protein S19 (RPS19A/RPS19B) during the formation of pre-ribosomes.[18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [PNO1_YEAST] Required for small ribosomal subunit (SSU) synthesis. Has a role in the processing of early nucleolar and late cytoplasmic pre-RNA species. Recruits DIM1 to nucleolar pre-RNAs. Indirectly required for cleavage at the A2 site of the 20S pre-rRNA, forming 18S rRNA, and at A1 and A2 sites of other pre-rRNAs.[23] [24] [25] [SNU13_YEAST] Common component of the spliceosome and rRNA processing machinery. In association with the spliceosomal U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP particle, required for splicing of pre-mRNA. In association with box C/D snoRNPs, required for processing of pre-ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs. Essential for the accumulation and stability of U4 snRNA, U6 snRNA, and box C/D snoRNAs.[26] [27] [28] [NOP56_YEAST] Required for 60S ribosomal subunit synthesis.[29] [RS7A_YEAST] Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly.[30] [FCF1_YEAST] Essential protein involved in pre-rRNA processing and 40S ribosomal subunit assembly. Required for the early cleavage steps of 35S rRNA at the A(0), A(1), and A(2) sites.[31] [RS14A_YEAST] Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly.[32] [UTP10_YEAST] Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA. Required for optimal pre-ribosomal RNA transcription by RNA polymerase I together with a subset of U3 proteins required for transcription (t-UTPs). Involved in ribosome biosynthesis.[33] [34] [35] [36] [BMS1_YEAST] May act as a molecular switch during maturation of the 40S ribosomal subunit in the nucleolus. The depletion of BMS1 interferes with processing of the 35S pre-rRNA at sites A0, A1, and A2, and the formation of 40S subunits.[37] [38] [RL1D1_YEAST] Involved in rRNA-processing and ribosome biosynthesis.[39] [RS9A_YEAST] Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly.[40] [NOP58_YEAST] Required for pre-18S rRNA processing. May bind microtubules.[41] [42] [UTP18_YEAST] Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly.[43] [RRP9_YEAST] Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA. Required for efficient pre-rRNA cleavage at sites A0, A1 and A2, and biosynthesis of 18S rRNA.[44]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Eukaryotic small ribosomal subunits are first assembled into 90S pre-ribosomes. The complete 90S is a gigantic complex with a molecular mass of approximately five megadaltons. Here, we report the nearly complete architecture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 90S determined from three cryo-electron microscopy single particle reconstructions at 4.5 to 8.7 angstrom resolution. The majority of the density maps were modeled and assigned to specific RNA and protein components. The nascent ribosome is assembled into isolated native-like substructures that are stabilized by abundant assembly factors. The 5' external transcribed spacer and U3 snoRNA nucleate a large subcomplex that scaffolds the nascent ribosome. U3 binds four sites of pre-rRNA, including a novel site on helix 27 but not the 3' side of the central pseudoknot, and crucially organizes the 90S structure. The 90S model provides significant insight into the principle of small subunit assembly and the function of assembly factors.
Molecular architecture of the 90S small subunit pre-ribosome.,Sun Q, Zhu X, Qi J, An W, Lan P, Tan D, Chen R, Wang B, Zheng S, Zhang C, Chen X, Zhang W, Chen J, Dong MQ, Ye K Elife. 2017 Feb 28;6. pii: e22086. doi: 10.7554/eLife.22086. PMID:28244370[45]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Lee SJ, Baserga SJ. Imp3p and Imp4p, two specific components of the U3 small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein that are essential for pre-18S rRNA processing. Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Aug;19(8):5441-52. PMID:10409734
- ↑ Gerczei T, Correll CC. Imp3p and Imp4p mediate formation of essential U3-precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) duplexes, possibly to recruit the small subunit processome to the pre-rRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Oct 26;101(43):15301-6. Epub 2004 Oct 15. PMID:15489263 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0406819101
- ↑ Tollervey D, Lehtonen H, Carmo-Fonseca M, Hurt EC. The small nucleolar RNP protein NOP1 (fibrillarin) is required for pre-rRNA processing in yeast. EMBO J. 1991 Mar;10(3):573-83. PMID:1825809
- ↑ Tessarz P, Santos-Rosa H, Robson SC, Sylvestersen KB, Nelson CJ, Nielsen ML, Kouzarides T. Glutamine methylation in histone H2A is an RNA-polymerase-I-dedicated modification. Nature. 2014 Jan 23;505(7484):564-8. doi: 10.1038/nature12819. Epub 2013 Dec 18. PMID:24352239 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature12819
- ↑ Schimmang T, Tollervey D, Kern H, Frank R, Hurt EC. A yeast nucleolar protein related to mammalian fibrillarin is associated with small nucleolar RNA and is essential for viability. EMBO J. 1989 Dec 20;8(13):4015-24. PMID:2686980
- ↑ Dragon F, Gallagher JE, Compagnone-Post PA, Mitchell BM, Porwancher KA, Wehner KA, Wormsley S, Settlage RE, Shabanowitz J, Osheim Y, Beyer AL, Hunt DF, Baserga SJ. A large nucleolar U3 ribonucleoprotein required for 18S ribosomal RNA biogenesis. Nature. 2002 Jun 27;417(6892):967-70. Epub 2002 Jun 9. PMID:12068309 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature00769
- ↑ Dragon F, Gallagher JE, Compagnone-Post PA, Mitchell BM, Porwancher KA, Wehner KA, Wormsley S, Settlage RE, Shabanowitz J, Osheim Y, Beyer AL, Hunt DF, Baserga SJ. A large nucleolar U3 ribonucleoprotein required for 18S ribosomal RNA biogenesis. Nature. 2002 Jun 27;417(6892):967-70. Epub 2002 Jun 9. PMID:12068309 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature00769
- ↑ Dragon F, Gallagher JE, Compagnone-Post PA, Mitchell BM, Porwancher KA, Wehner KA, Wormsley S, Settlage RE, Shabanowitz J, Osheim Y, Beyer AL, Hunt DF, Baserga SJ. A large nucleolar U3 ribonucleoprotein required for 18S ribosomal RNA biogenesis. Nature. 2002 Jun 27;417(6892):967-70. Epub 2002 Jun 9. PMID:12068309 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature00769
- ↑ Shafaatian R, Payton MA, Reid JD. PWP2, a member of the WD-repeat family of proteins, is an essential Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene involved in cell separation. Mol Gen Genet. 1996 Aug 27;252(1-2):101-14. PMID:8804409
- ↑ Lee SJ, Baserga SJ. Imp3p and Imp4p, two specific components of the U3 small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein that are essential for pre-18S rRNA processing. Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Aug;19(8):5441-52. PMID:10409734
- ↑ Gerczei T, Correll CC. Imp3p and Imp4p mediate formation of essential U3-precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) duplexes, possibly to recruit the small subunit processome to the pre-rRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Oct 26;101(43):15301-6. Epub 2004 Oct 15. PMID:15489263 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0406819101
- ↑ Gromadka R, Rytka J. The KRR1 gene encodes a protein required for 18S rRNA synthesis and 40S ribosomal subunit assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Acta Biochim Pol. 2000;47(4):993-1005. PMID:11996121
- ↑ Sasaki T, Toh-E A, Kikuchi Y. Yeast Krr1p physically and functionally interacts with a novel essential Kri1p, and both proteins are required for 40S ribosome biogenesis in the nucleolus. Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Nov;20(21):7971-9. PMID:11027267
- ↑ Gromadka R, Karkusiewicz I, Rempola B, Rytka J. Functional and physical interactions of Krr1p, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae nucleolar protein. Acta Biochim Pol. 2004;51(1):173-87. PMID:15094838 doi:http://dx.doi.org/045101173
- ↑ Bernstein KA, Gallagher JE, Mitchell BM, Granneman S, Baserga SJ. The small-subunit processome is a ribosome assembly intermediate. Eukaryot Cell. 2004 Dec;3(6):1619-26. PMID:15590835 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/EC.3.6.1619-1626.2004
- ↑ Bernstein KA, Gallagher JE, Mitchell BM, Granneman S, Baserga SJ. The small-subunit processome is a ribosome assembly intermediate. Eukaryot Cell. 2004 Dec;3(6):1619-26. PMID:15590835 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/EC.3.6.1619-1626.2004
- ↑ Bernstein KA, Gallagher JE, Mitchell BM, Granneman S, Baserga SJ. The small-subunit processome is a ribosome assembly intermediate. Eukaryot Cell. 2004 Dec;3(6):1619-26. PMID:15590835 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/EC.3.6.1619-1626.2004
- ↑ Liu PC, Thiele DJ. Novel stress-responsive genes EMG1 and NOP14 encode conserved, interacting proteins required for 40S ribosome biogenesis. Mol Biol Cell. 2001 Nov;12(11):3644-57. PMID:11694595
- ↑ Eschrich D, Buchhaupt M, Kotter P, Entian KD. Nep1p (Emg1p), a novel protein conserved in eukaryotes and archaea, is involved in ribosome biogenesis. Curr Genet. 2002 Feb;40(5):326-38. Epub 2002 Feb 6. PMID:11935223 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00294-001-0269-4
- ↑ Bernstein KA, Gallagher JE, Mitchell BM, Granneman S, Baserga SJ. The small-subunit processome is a ribosome assembly intermediate. Eukaryot Cell. 2004 Dec;3(6):1619-26. PMID:15590835 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/EC.3.6.1619-1626.2004
- ↑ Meyer B, Wurm JP, Kotter P, Leisegang MS, Schilling V, Buchhaupt M, Held M, Bahr U, Karas M, Heckel A, Bohnsack MT, Wohnert J, Entian KD. The Bowen-Conradi syndrome protein Nep1 (Emg1) has a dual role in eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis, as an essential assembly factor and in the methylation of Psi1191 in yeast 18S rRNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Mar;39(4):1526-37. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkq931. Epub 2010 Oct, 23. PMID:20972225 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkq931
- ↑ Thomas SR, Keller CA, Szyk A, Cannon JR, Laronde-Leblanc NA. Structural insight into the functional mechanism of Nep1/Emg1 N1-specific pseudouridine methyltransferase in ribosome biogenesis. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Nov 17. PMID:21087996 doi:10.1093/nar/gkq1131
- ↑ Tone Y, Toh-E A. Nob1p is required for biogenesis of the 26S proteasome and degraded upon its maturation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Dev. 2002 Dec 15;16(24):3142-57. PMID:12502737 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.1025602
- ↑ Senapin S, Clark-Walker GD, Chen XJ, Seraphin B, Daugeron MC. RRP20, a component of the 90S preribosome, is required for pre-18S rRNA processing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 May 15;31(10):2524-33. PMID:12736301
- ↑ Vanrobays E, Gelugne JP, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Lafontaine DL. Dim2p, a KH-domain protein required for small ribosomal subunit synthesis. RNA. 2004 Apr;10(4):645-56. PMID:15037774
- ↑ Watkins NJ, Segault V, Charpentier B, Nottrott S, Fabrizio P, Bachi A, Wilm M, Rosbash M, Branlant C, Luhrmann R. A common core RNP structure shared between the small nucleoar box C/D RNPs and the spliceosomal U4 snRNP. Cell. 2000 Oct 27;103(3):457-66. PMID:11081632
- ↑ Galardi S, Fatica A, Bachi A, Scaloni A, Presutti C, Bozzoni I. Purified box C/D snoRNPs are able to reproduce site-specific 2'-O-methylation of target RNA in vitro. Mol Cell Biol. 2002 Oct;22(19):6663-8. PMID:12215523
- ↑ Dobbyn HC, O'Keefe RT. Analysis of Snu13p mutations reveals differential interactions with the U4 snRNA and U3 snoRNA. RNA. 2004 Feb;10(2):308-20. PMID:14730029
- ↑ Gautier T, Berges T, Tollervey D, Hurt E. Nucleolar KKE/D repeat proteins Nop56p and Nop58p interact with Nop1p and are required for ribosome biogenesis. Mol Cell Biol. 1997 Dec;17(12):7088-98. PMID:9372940
- ↑ Bernstein KA, Gallagher JE, Mitchell BM, Granneman S, Baserga SJ. The small-subunit processome is a ribosome assembly intermediate. Eukaryot Cell. 2004 Dec;3(6):1619-26. PMID:15590835 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/EC.3.6.1619-1626.2004
- ↑ Rempola B, Karkusiewicz I, Piekarska I, Rytka J. Fcf1p and Fcf2p are novel nucleolar Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins involved in pre-rRNA processing. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Jul 28;346(2):546-54. Epub 2006 Jun 2. PMID:16762320 doi:http://dx.doi.org/S0006-291X(06)01217-4
- ↑ Bernstein KA, Gallagher JE, Mitchell BM, Granneman S, Baserga SJ. The small-subunit processome is a ribosome assembly intermediate. Eukaryot Cell. 2004 Dec;3(6):1619-26. PMID:15590835 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/EC.3.6.1619-1626.2004
- ↑ Dragon F, Gallagher JE, Compagnone-Post PA, Mitchell BM, Porwancher KA, Wehner KA, Wormsley S, Settlage RE, Shabanowitz J, Osheim Y, Beyer AL, Hunt DF, Baserga SJ. A large nucleolar U3 ribonucleoprotein required for 18S ribosomal RNA biogenesis. Nature. 2002 Jun 27;417(6892):967-70. Epub 2002 Jun 9. PMID:12068309 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature00769
- ↑ Gallagher JE, Dunbar DA, Granneman S, Mitchell BM, Osheim Y, Beyer AL, Baserga SJ. RNA polymerase I transcription and pre-rRNA processing are linked by specific SSU processome components. Genes Dev. 2004 Oct 15;18(20):2506-17. PMID:15489292 doi:http://dx.doi.org/18/20/2506
- ↑ Wade CH, Umbarger MA, McAlear MA. The budding yeast rRNA and ribosome biosynthesis (RRB) regulon contains over 200 genes. Yeast. 2006 Mar;23(4):293-306. PMID:16544271 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.1353
- ↑ Dez C, Dlakic M, Tollervey D. Roles of the HEAT repeat proteins Utp10 and Utp20 in 40S ribosome maturation. RNA. 2007 Sep;13(9):1516-27. Epub 2007 Jul 24. PMID:17652137 doi:http://dx.doi.org/rna.609807
- ↑ Wegierski T, Billy E, Nasr F, Filipowicz W. Bms1p, a G-domain-containing protein, associates with Rcl1p and is required for 18S rRNA biogenesis in yeast. RNA. 2001 Sep;7(9):1254-67. PMID:11565748
- ↑ Gelperin D, Horton L, Beckman J, Hensold J, Lemmon SK. Bms1p, a novel GTP-binding protein, and the related Tsr1p are required for distinct steps of 40S ribosome biogenesis in yeast. RNA. 2001 Sep;7(9):1268-83. PMID:11565749
- ↑ Wade CH, Umbarger MA, McAlear MA. The budding yeast rRNA and ribosome biosynthesis (RRB) regulon contains over 200 genes. Yeast. 2006 Mar;23(4):293-306. PMID:16544271 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.1353
- ↑ Bernstein KA, Gallagher JE, Mitchell BM, Granneman S, Baserga SJ. The small-subunit processome is a ribosome assembly intermediate. Eukaryot Cell. 2004 Dec;3(6):1619-26. PMID:15590835 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/EC.3.6.1619-1626.2004
- ↑ Gautier T, Berges T, Tollervey D, Hurt E. Nucleolar KKE/D repeat proteins Nop56p and Nop58p interact with Nop1p and are required for ribosome biogenesis. Mol Cell Biol. 1997 Dec;17(12):7088-98. PMID:9372940
- ↑ Wu P, Brockenbrough JS, Metcalfe AC, Chen S, Aris JP. Nop5p is a small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein component required for pre-18 S rRNA processing in yeast. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jun 26;273(26):16453-63. PMID:9632712
- ↑ Bernstein KA, Gallagher JE, Mitchell BM, Granneman S, Baserga SJ. The small-subunit processome is a ribosome assembly intermediate. Eukaryot Cell. 2004 Dec;3(6):1619-26. PMID:15590835 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/EC.3.6.1619-1626.2004
- ↑ Venema J, Vos HR, Faber AW, van Venrooij WJ, Raue HA. Yeast Rrp9p is an evolutionarily conserved U3 snoRNP protein essential for early pre-rRNA processing cleavages and requires box C for its association. RNA. 2000 Nov;6(11):1660-71. PMID:11105764
- ↑ Sun Q, Zhu X, Qi J, An W, Lan P, Tan D, Chen R, Wang B, Zheng S, Zhang C, Chen X, Zhang W, Chen J, Dong MQ, Ye K. Molecular architecture of the 90S small subunit pre-ribosome. Elife. 2017 Feb 28;6. pii: e22086. doi: 10.7554/eLife.22086. PMID:28244370 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22086
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