Structural highlights
1efy is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Chick. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
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| Ligands: | |
| Related: | 2paw, 1pax, 2pax, 3pax, 4pax |
| Activity: | NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase, with EC number 2.4.2.30 |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT |
Function
[PARP1_CHICK] Poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase modifies various nuclear proteins by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. The modification is dependent on DNA and is involved in the regulation of various important cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and tumor transformation and also in the regulation of the molecular events involved in the recovery of cell from DNA damage.
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) facilitates the repair of DNA strand breaks and is implicated in the resistance of cancer cells to certain DNA-damaging agents. Inhibitors of PARP have clinical potential as resistance-modifying agents capable of potentiating radiotherapy and the cytotoxicity of some forms of cancer chemotherapy. The preclinical development of 2-aryl-1H-benzimidazole-4-carboxamides as resistance-modifying agents in cancer chemotherapy is described. 1H-Benzimidazole-4-carboxamides, particularly 2-aryl derivatives, are identified as a class of potent PARP inhibitors. Derivatives of 2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole-4-carboxamide (23, K(i) = 15 nM), in which the phenyl ring contains substituents, have been synthesized. Many of these derivatives exhibit K(i) values for PARP inhibition < 10 nM, with 2-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)-1H-benzimidazole-4-carboxamide (78, K(i) = 1.6 nM) being one of the most potent. Insight into structure-activity relationships (SAR) for 2-aryl-1H-benzimidazole-4-carboxamides has been enhanced by studying the complex formed between 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-benzimidazole-4-carboxamide (44, K(i) = 6 nM) and the catalytic domain of chicken PARP. Important hydrogen-bonding and hydrophobic interactions with the protein have been identified for this inhibitor. 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-1H-benzimidazole-4-carboxamide (45, K(i) = 6 nM) potentiates the cytotoxicity of both temozolomide and topotecan against A2780 cells in vitro (by 2.8- and 2.9-fold, respectively).
Resistance-modifying agents. 9. Synthesis and biological properties of benzimidazole inhibitors of the DNA repair enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.,White AW, Almassy R, Calvert AH, Curtin NJ, Griffin RJ, Hostomsky Z, Maegley K, Newell DR, Srinivasan S, Golding BT J Med Chem. 2000 Nov 2;43(22):4084-97. PMID:11063605[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ White AW, Almassy R, Calvert AH, Curtin NJ, Griffin RJ, Hostomsky Z, Maegley K, Newell DR, Srinivasan S, Golding BT. Resistance-modifying agents. 9. Synthesis and biological properties of benzimidazole inhibitors of the DNA repair enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. J Med Chem. 2000 Nov 2;43(22):4084-97. PMID:11063605
