| Structural highlights
Function
[HS90A_HUMAN] Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co-chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function.[1] [2]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Residence time and more recently the association rate constant kon are increasingly acknowledged as important parameters for in vivo efficacy and safety of drugs. However, their broader consideration in drug development is limited by a lack of knowledge of how to optimize these parameters. In this study on a set of 176 heat shock protein 90 inhibitors, structure-kinetic relationships, X-ray crystallography, and molecular dynamics simulations were combined to retrieve a concrete scheme of how to rationally slow down on-rates. We discovered that an increased ligand desolvation barrier by introducing polar substituents resulted in a significant kon decrease. The slowdown was accomplished by introducing polar moieties to those parts of the ligand that point toward a hydrophobic cavity. We validated this scheme by increasing polarity of three Hsp90 inhibitors and observed a 9-, 13-, and 45-fold slowdown of on-rates and a 9-fold prolongation in residence time. This prolongation was driven by transition state destabilization rather than ground state stabilization.
Ligand Desolvation Steers On-Rate and Impacts Drug Residence Time of Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) Inhibitors.,Schuetz DA, Richter L, Amaral M, Grandits M, Gradler U, Musil D, Buchstaller HP, Eggenweiler HM, Frech M, Ecker GF J Med Chem. 2018 May 10. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00080. PMID:29701469[3]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Martinez-Ruiz A, Villanueva L, Gonzalez de Orduna C, Lopez-Ferrer D, Higueras MA, Tarin C, Rodriguez-Crespo I, Vazquez J, Lamas S. S-nitrosylation of Hsp90 promotes the inhibition of its ATPase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase regulatory activities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jun 14;102(24):8525-30. Epub 2005 Jun 3. PMID:15937123 doi:10.1073/pnas.0407294102
- ↑ Forsythe HL, Jarvis JL, Turner JW, Elmore LW, Holt SE. Stable association of hsp90 and p23, but Not hsp70, with active human telomerase. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 11;276(19):15571-4. Epub 2001 Mar 23. PMID:11274138 doi:10.1074/jbc.C100055200
- ↑ Schuetz DA, Richter L, Amaral M, Grandits M, Gradler U, Musil D, Buchstaller HP, Eggenweiler HM, Frech M, Ecker GF. Ligand Desolvation Steers On-Rate and Impacts Drug Residence Time of Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) Inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2018 May 10. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00080. PMID:29701469 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00080
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