6boj
From Proteopedia
Crystal Structure of the PDE4D Catalytic Domain and UCR2 Regulatory Helix with BPN5004
Structural highlights
Disease[PDE4D_HUMAN] Note=Genetic variations in PDE4D might be associated with susceptibility to stroke. PubMed:17006457 states that association with stroke has to be considered with caution. Defects in PDE4D are the cause of acrodysostosis type 2, with or without hormone resistance (ACRDYS2) [MIM:614613]. ACRDYS2 is a pleiotropic disorder characterized by skeletal, endocrine, and neurological abnormalities. Skeletal features include brachycephaly, midface hypoplasia with a small upturned nose, brachydactyly, and lumbar spinal stenosis. Endocrine abnormalities include hypothyroidism and hypogonadism in males and irregular menses in females. Developmental disability is a common finding but is variable in severity and can be associated with significant behavioral problems.[1] Function[PDE4D_HUMAN] Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes.[2] [3] Publication Abstract from PubMedInhibitors of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) have beneficial effects on memory in preclinical and clinical studies. Development of these drugs has stalled due to dose-limiting side effects of nausea and emesis. While use of subtype-selective inhibitors (i.e., for PDE4A, B, or D) could overcome this issue, conservation of the catalytic region, to which classical inhibitors bind, limits this approach. The present study examined the effects of BPN14770, an allosteric inhibitor of PDE4D, which binds to a primate-specific, N-terminal region. In mice engineered to express PDE4D with this primate-specific sequence, BPN14770 was 100-fold more potent for improving memory than in wild-type mice; meanwhile, it exhibited low potency in a mouse surrogate model for emesis. BPN14770 also antagonized the amnesic effects of scopolamine, increased cAMP signaling in brain, and increased BDNF and markers of neuronal plasticity associated with memory. These data establish a relationship between PDE4D target engagement and effects on memory for BPN14770 and suggest clinical potential for PDE4D-selective inhibitors. Memory enhancing effects of BPN14770, an allosteric inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4D, in wild-type and humanized mice.,Zhang C, Xu Y, Chowdhary A, Fox D 3rd, Gurney ME, Zhang HT, Auerbach BD, Salvi RJ, Yang M, Li G, O'Donnell JM Neuropsychopharmacology. 2018 Aug 14. pii: 10.1038/s41386-018-0178-6. doi:, 10.1038/s41386-018-0178-6. PMID:30131563[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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