Structural highlights
6ac9 is a 4 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
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| Ligands: | , , , , , |
| Activity: | Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase, with EC number 2.7.11.1 |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT |
Disease
[VRK1_HUMAN] Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Function
[VRK1_HUMAN] Serine/threonine kinase involved in Golgi disassembly during the cell cycle: following phosphorylation by PLK3 during mitosis, required to induce Golgi fragmentation. Acts by mediating phosphorylation of downstream target protein. Phosphorylates 'Thr-18' of p53/TP53 and may thereby prevent the interaction between p53/TP53 and MDM2. Phosphorylates casein and histone H3. Phosphorylates BANF1: disrupts its ability to bind DNA, reduces its binding to LEM domain-containing proteins and causes its relocalization from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Phosphorylates ATF2 which activates its transcriptional activity.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1), a serine/threonine mitotic kinase, is widely over-expressed in dividing cells and regarded as a cancer drug target primarily due to its function as an early response gene in cell proliferation. However, the mechanism of VRK1 phosphorylation and substrate activation is not well understood. More importantly even the molecular basis of VRK1 interaction with its cofactor, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), is unavailable to-date. As designing specific inhibitors remains to be the major challenge in kinase research, such a molecular understanding will enable us to design ATP-competitive specific inhibitors of VRK1. Here we report the molecular characterization of VRK1 in complex with AMP-PNP, a non-hydrolyzable ATP-analog, using NMR titration followed by the co-crystal structure determined upto 2.07 A resolution. We also carried out the structural comparison of the AMP-PNP bound-form with its apo and inhibitor-bound counterparts, which has enabled us to present our rationale toward designing VRK1-specific inhibitors.
Crystal structure of human vaccinia-related kinase 1 in complex with AMP-PNP, a non-hydrolyzable ATP analog.,Ngow YS, Rajan S, Ye H, Yoon HS Protein Sci. 2018 Nov 21. doi: 10.1002/pro.3552. PMID:30461091[7]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Lopez-Borges S, Lazo PA. The human vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) phosphorylates threonine-18 within the mdm-2 binding site of the p53 tumour suppressor protein. Oncogene. 2000 Jul 27;19(32):3656-64. PMID:10951572 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1203709
- ↑ Nichols RJ, Traktman P. Characterization of three paralogous members of the Mammalian vaccinia related kinase family. J Biol Chem. 2004 Feb 27;279(9):7934-46. Epub 2003 Nov 25. PMID:14645249 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M310813200
- ↑ Sevilla A, Santos CR, Vega FM, Lazo PA. Human vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) activates the ATF2 transcriptional activity by novel phosphorylation on Thr-73 and Ser-62 and cooperates with JNK. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jun 25;279(26):27458-65. Epub 2004 Apr 21. PMID:15105425 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M401009200
- ↑ Nichols RJ, Wiebe MS, Traktman P. The vaccinia-related kinases phosphorylate the N' terminus of BAF, regulating its interaction with DNA and its retention in the nucleus. Mol Biol Cell. 2006 May;17(5):2451-64. Epub 2006 Feb 22. PMID:16495336 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E05-12-1179
- ↑ Sanz-Garcia M, Lopez-Sanchez I, Lazo PA. Proteomics identification of nuclear Ran GTPase as an inhibitor of human VRK1 and VRK2 (vaccinia-related kinase) activities. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2008 Nov;7(11):2199-214. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M700586-MCP200., Epub 2008 Jul 9. PMID:18617507 doi:10.1074/mcp.M700586-MCP200
- ↑ Lopez-Sanchez I, Sanz-Garcia M, Lazo PA. Plk3 interacts with and specifically phosphorylates VRK1 in Ser342, a downstream target in a pathway that induces Golgi fragmentation. Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Mar;29(5):1189-201. doi: 10.1128/MCB.01341-08. Epub 2008 Dec , 22. PMID:19103756 doi:10.1128/MCB.01341-08
- ↑ Ngow YS, Rajan S, Ye H, Yoon HS. Crystal structure of human vaccinia-related kinase 1 in complex with AMP-PNP, a non-hydrolyzable ATP analog. Protein Sci. 2018 Nov 21. doi: 10.1002/pro.3552. PMID:30461091 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pro.3552
