Glycated hemoglobin

From Proteopedia

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Glycated Hemoglobin is a form of hemoglobin with sugars attached to certain amino acid side chains. When blood sugar levels in an individual are high for long periods of time (hyperglycemia) as is the case for [[diabetes}people with diabetes]]) when blood sugar is not managed, these sugar modifications accumulate. The so-called HbA1c test is used as a measure of hyperglycemia over the past 3 months. The time span of 3 months corresponds to the average time red blood cells remain in the blood stream. When they are replenished by fresh cells, these carry hemoglobin that does not yet have the modification ^[1].

Structure

spinqualitylabelsall models Glycated hemoglobin (PDB ID 5hy8) Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image Hemoglobin is the protein that transports oxygen in our blood. In the , all four heme groups bind to oxygen. There amino acid side chains are covalently bound to a sugar molecule (they are glycated), indicating that this protein experienced high sugar levels for a long time. The sugars are glucose and fructose, and they are bound via a glycosidic bond to the sidechains of tyrosine and threonine.

References

1. ↑ https://pdb101.rcsb.org/global-health/diabetes-mellitus/monitoring/diagnosis?more=y