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Overview
The twister ribozyme is a catalytic RNA that is capable of self cleaving. There are two groups that ribozymes may fall into based on function: splicing ribozymes and cleaving ribozymes; the latter may be further broken down into trans-cleaving nucleases and small self-cleaving ribozymes or nucleolytic ribozymes. Twister ribozyme is a member of the nucleolytic ribozymes along with 8 other classes which include hairpin, hammerhead, hatchet, hepatitis delta virus (HDV), glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase, neurospora, pistol, and twister sister.
Twister ribozyme was discovered through a bioinformatics approach. It was thought to be a self cleaving ribozyme due to the similarity of genes found near it.
Function
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Disease
Relevance
Structural highlights
The structure of twister ribozyme has a highly conserved secondary structure that includes a double pseudo knot with a core comprising of a stem loop interrupted by two internal loops. The cleavage site for the ribozyme is located within loop 1 and the active site can be found at the center of the molecule. Active site formation of all nucleolytic ribozymes occurs through the interactions of secondary and tertiary structures. The double pseudo knot structure is formed by two long range tertiary interactions which are necessary for its catalytic function.
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