2f2s

Structural highlights

Disease

[THIL_HUMAN] Defects in ACAT1 are a cause of 3-ketothiolase deficiency (3KTD) [MIM:203750]; also known as alpha-methylacetoaceticaciduria. 3KTD is an inborn error of isoleucine catabolism characterized by intermittent ketoacidotic attacks associated with unconsciousness. Some patients die during an attack or are mentally retarded. Urinary excretion of 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-methylacetoacetic acid, triglylglycine, butanone is increased. It seems likely that the severity of this disease correlates better with the environmental or acquired factors than with the ACAT1 genotype.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Function

[THIL_HUMAN] Plays a major role in ketone body metabolism.

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

See Also

• Thiolase 3D structures

References

1. ↑ Fukao T, Yamaguchi S, Orii T, Schutgens RB, Osumi T, Hashimoto T. Identification of three mutant alleles of the gene for mitochondrial acetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase. A complete analysis of two generations of a family with 3-ketothiolase deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1992 Feb;89(2):474-9. PMID:1346617 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI115608
2. ↑ Fukao T, Yamaguchi S, Tomatsu S, Orii T, Frauendienst-Egger G, Schrod L, Osumi T, Hashimoto T. Evidence for a structural mutation (347Ala to Thr) in a German family with 3-ketothiolase deficiency. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Aug 30;179(1):124-9. PMID:1715688
3. ↑ Wakazono A, Fukao T, Yamaguchi S, Hori T, Orii T, Lambert M, Mitchell GA, Lee GW, Hashimoto T. Molecular, biochemical, and clinical characterization of mitochondrial acetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase deficiency in two further patients. Hum Mutat. 1995;5(1):34-42. PMID:7728148 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/humu.1380050105
4. ↑ Fukao T, Nakamura H, Song XQ, Nakamura K, Orii KE, Kohno Y, Kano M, Yamaguchi S, Hashimoto T, Orii T, Kondo N. Characterization of N93S, I312T, and A333P missense mutations in two Japanese families with mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency. Hum Mutat. 1998;12(4):245-54. PMID:9744475 doi:<245::AID-HUMU5>3.0.CO;2-E 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1998)12:4<245::AID-HUMU5>3.0.CO;2-E