| Structural highlights
7z28 is a 1 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
| | Ligands: | , , , , , |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT |
Function
[ERAP1_HUMAN] Aminopeptidase that plays a central role in peptide trimming, a step required for the generation of most HLA class I-binding peptides. Peptide trimming is essential to customize longer precursor peptides to fit them to the correct length required for presentation on MHC class I molecules. Strongly prefers substrates 9-16 residues long. Rapidly degrades 13-mer to a 9-mer and then stops. Preferentially hydrolyzes the residue Leu and peptides with a hydrophobic C-terminus, while it has weak activity toward peptides with charged C-terminus. May play a role in the inactivation of peptide hormones. May be involved in the regulation of blood pressure through the inactivation of angiotensin II and/or the generation of bradykinin in the kidney.[1] [2] [3]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The oxytocinase subfamily of M1 zinc aminopeptidases comprises emerging drug targets, including the ER-resident aminopeptidases 1 and 2 (ERAP1 and ERAP2) and insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP); however, reports on clinically relevant inhibitors are limited. Here we report a new synthetic approach of high diastereo- and regioselectivity for functionalization of the alpha-hydroxy-beta-amino acid scaffold of bestatin. Stereochemistry and mechanism of inhibition were investigated by a high-resolution X-ray crystal structure of ERAP1 in complex with a micromolar inhibitor. By exploring the P1 side-chain functionalities, we achieve significant potency and selectivity, and we report a cell-active, low-nanomolar inhibitor of IRAP with >120-fold selectivity over homologous enzymes. X-ray crystallographic analysis of IRAP in complex with this inhibitor suggest that interactions with the GAMEN loop is an unappreciated key determinant for potency and selectivity. Overall, our results suggest that alpha-hydroxy-beta-amino acid derivatives may constitute useful chemical tools and drug leads for this group of aminopeptidases.
Discovery of Selective Nanomolar Inhibitors for Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase Based on alpha-Hydroxy-beta-amino Acid Derivatives of Bestatin.,Vourloumis D, Mavridis I, Athanasoulis A, Temponeras I, Koumantou D, Giastas P, Mpakali A, Magrioti V, Leib J, van Endert P, Stratikos E, Papakyriakou A J Med Chem. 2022 Jul 14. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00904. PMID:35833347[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Saveanu L, Carroll O, Lindo V, Del Val M, Lopez D, Lepelletier Y, Greer F, Schomburg L, Fruci D, Niedermann G, van Endert PM. Concerted peptide trimming by human ERAP1 and ERAP2 aminopeptidase complexes in the endoplasmic reticulum. Nat Immunol. 2005 Jul;6(7):689-97. Epub 2005 May 22. PMID:15908954 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ni1208
- ↑ Chang SC, Momburg F, Bhutani N, Goldberg AL. The ER aminopeptidase, ERAP1, trims precursors to lengths of MHC class I peptides by a "molecular ruler" mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Nov 22;102(47):17107-12. Epub 2005 Nov 14. PMID:16286653 doi:http://dx.doi.org/0500721102
- ↑ Nguyen TT, Chang SC, Evnouchidou I, York IA, Zikos C, Rock KL, Goldberg AL, Stratikos E, Stern LJ. Structural basis for antigenic peptide precursor processing by the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase ERAP1. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2011 May;18(5):604-13. Epub 2011 Apr 10. PMID:21478864 doi:10.1038/nsmb.2021
- ↑ Vourloumis D, Mavridis I, Athanasoulis A, Temponeras I, Koumantou D, Giastas P, Mpakali A, Magrioti V, Leib J, van Endert P, Stratikos E, Papakyriakou A. Discovery of Selective Nanomolar Inhibitors for Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase Based on alpha-Hydroxy-beta-amino Acid Derivatives of Bestatin. J Med Chem. 2022 Jul 14. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00904. PMID:35833347 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00904
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