| Structural highlights
Disease
DNM1L_HUMAN Note=May be associated with Alzheimer disease through beta-amyloid-induced increased S-nitrosylation of DNM1L, which triggers, directly or indirectly, excessive mitochondrial fission, synaptic loss and neuronal damage.[1] Defects in DNM1L are the cause of encephalopathy, lethal, due to defective mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission (EMPF) [MIM:614388. EMPF is a rare autosomal dominant systemic disorder resulting in lack of neurologic development and death in infancy. After birth, infants present in the first week of life with poor feeding and neurologic impairment, including hypotonia, little spontaneous movement, no tendon reflexes, no response to light stimulation, and poor visual fixation. Other features include mildly elevated plasma concentration of very-long-chain fatty acids, lactic acidosis, microcephaly, deep-set eyes, optic atrophy and hypoplasia, and an abnormal gyral pattern in both frontal lobes associated with dysmyelination.[2] [3]
Function
DNM1L_HUMAN Functions in mitochondrial and peroxisomal division. Mediates membrane fission through oligomerization into ring-like structures which wrap around the scission site to constict and sever the mitochondrial membrane through a GTP hydrolysis-dependent mechanism. Required for normal brain development. Facilitates developmentally-regulated apoptosis during neural tube development. Required for a normal rate of cytochrome c release and caspase activation during apoptosis. Also required for mitochondrial fission during mitosis. Required for programmed necrosis execution. May be involved in vesicle transport.[4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] Isoform 1 and isoform 4 inhibit peroxisomal division when overexpressed.[20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Human dynamin-1-like protein (DNM1L) is a GTP-driven molecular machine that segregates mitochondria and peroxisomes. To obtain insights into its catalytic mechanism, we determined crystal structures of a construct comprising the GTPase domain and the bundle signaling element (BSE) in the nucleotide-free and GTP-analogue-bound states. The GTPase domain of DNM1L is structurally related to that of dynamin and binds the nucleotide 5'-Guanylyl-imidodiphosphate (GMP-PNP) via five highly conserved motifs, whereas the BSE folds into a pocket at the opposite side. Based on these structures, the GTPase center was systematically mapped by alanine mutagenesis and kinetic measurements. Thus, residues essential for the GTPase reaction were characterized, among them Lys38, Ser39 and Ser40 in the phosphate binding loop, Thr59 from switch I, Asp146 and Gly149 from switch II, Lys216 and Asp218 in the G4 element, as well as Asn246 in the G5 element. Also, mutated Glu81 and Glu82 in the unique 16-residue insertion of DNM1L influence the activity significantly. Mutations of Gln34, Ser35, and Asp190 in the predicted assembly interface interfered with dimerization of the GTPase domain induced by a transition state analogue and led to a loss of the lipid-stimulated GTPase activity. Our data point to related catalytic mechanisms of DNM1L and dynamin involving dimerization of their GTPase domains.
Functional Mapping of Human Dynamin-1-Like GTPase Domain Based on X-ray Structure Analyses.,Wenger J, Klinglmayr E, Frohlich C, Eibl C, Gimeno A, Hessenberger M, Puehringer S, Daumke O, Goettig P PLoS One. 2013 Aug 19;8(8):e71835. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071835. PMID:23977156[36]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Cho DH, Nakamura T, Fang J, Cieplak P, Godzik A, Gu Z, Lipton SA. S-nitrosylation of Drp1 mediates beta-amyloid-related mitochondrial fission and neuronal injury. Science. 2009 Apr 3;324(5923):102-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1171091. PMID:19342591 doi:10.1126/science.1171091
- ↑ Waterham HR, Koster J, van Roermund CW, Mooyer PA, Wanders RJ, Leonard JV. A lethal defect of mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission. N Engl J Med. 2007 Apr 26;356(17):1736-41. PMID:17460227 doi:10.1056/NEJMoa064436
- ↑ Cho DH, Nakamura T, Fang J, Cieplak P, Godzik A, Gu Z, Lipton SA. S-nitrosylation of Drp1 mediates beta-amyloid-related mitochondrial fission and neuronal injury. Science. 2009 Apr 3;324(5923):102-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1171091. PMID:19342591 doi:10.1126/science.1171091
- ↑ Imoto M, Tachibana I, Urrutia R. Identification and functional characterization of a novel human protein highly related to the yeast dynamin-like GTPase Vps1p. J Cell Sci. 1998 May;111 ( Pt 10):1341-9. PMID:9570752
- ↑ Smirnova E, Shurland DL, Ryazantsev SN, van der Bliek AM. A human dynamin-related protein controls the distribution of mitochondria. J Cell Biol. 1998 Oct 19;143(2):351-8. PMID:9786947
- ↑ Smirnova E, Griparic L, Shurland DL, van der Bliek AM. Dynamin-related protein Drp1 is required for mitochondrial division in mammalian cells. Mol Biol Cell. 2001 Aug;12(8):2245-56. PMID:11514614
- ↑ Koch A, Thiemann M, Grabenbauer M, Yoon Y, McNiven MA, Schrader M. Dynamin-like protein 1 is involved in peroxisomal fission. J Biol Chem. 2003 Mar 7;278(10):8597-605. Epub 2002 Dec 23. PMID:12499366 doi:10.1074/jbc.M211761200
- ↑ Li X, Gould SJ. The dynamin-like GTPase DLP1 is essential for peroxisome division and is recruited to peroxisomes in part by PEX11. J Biol Chem. 2003 May 9;278(19):17012-20. Epub 2003 Mar 4. PMID:12618434 doi:10.1074/jbc.M212031200
- ↑ Zhu PP, Patterson A, Stadler J, Seeburg DP, Sheng M, Blackstone C. Intra- and intermolecular domain interactions of the C-terminal GTPase effector domain of the multimeric dynamin-like GTPase Drp1. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 20;279(34):35967-74. Epub 2004 Jun 18. PMID:15208300 doi:10.1074/jbc.M404105200
- ↑ Parone PA, James DI, Da Cruz S, Mattenberger Y, Donze O, Barja F, Martinou JC. Inhibiting the mitochondrial fission machinery does not prevent Bax/Bak-dependent apoptosis. Mol Cell Biol. 2006 Oct;26(20):7397-408. PMID:17015472 doi:10.1128/MCB.02282-05
- ↑ Taguchi N, Ishihara N, Jofuku A, Oka T, Mihara K. Mitotic phosphorylation of dynamin-related GTPase Drp1 participates in mitochondrial fission. J Biol Chem. 2007 Apr 13;282(15):11521-9. Epub 2007 Feb 14. PMID:17301055 doi:10.1074/jbc.M607279200
- ↑ Chang CR, Blackstone C. Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation of Drp1 regulates its GTPase activity and mitochondrial morphology. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jul 27;282(30):21583-7. Epub 2007 Jun 6. PMID:17553808 doi:10.1074/jbc.C700083200
- ↑ Waterham HR, Koster J, van Roermund CW, Mooyer PA, Wanders RJ, Leonard JV. A lethal defect of mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission. N Engl J Med. 2007 Apr 26;356(17):1736-41. PMID:17460227 doi:10.1056/NEJMoa064436
- ↑ Han XJ, Lu YF, Li SA, Kaitsuka T, Sato Y, Tomizawa K, Nairn AC, Takei K, Matsui H, Matsushita M. CaM kinase I alpha-induced phosphorylation of Drp1 regulates mitochondrial morphology. J Cell Biol. 2008 Aug 11;182(3):573-85. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200802164. PMID:18695047 doi:10.1083/jcb.200802164
- ↑ Cereghetti GM, Stangherlin A, Martins de Brito O, Chang CR, Blackstone C, Bernardi P, Scorrano L. Dephosphorylation by calcineurin regulates translocation of Drp1 to mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Oct 14;105(41):15803-8. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.0808249105. Epub 2008 Oct 6. PMID:18838687 doi:10.1073/pnas.0808249105
- ↑ Figueroa-Romero C, Iniguez-Lluhi JA, Stadler J, Chang CR, Arnoult D, Keller PJ, Hong Y, Blackstone C, Feldman EL. SUMOylation of the mitochondrial fission protein Drp1 occurs at multiple nonconsensus sites within the B domain and is linked to its activity cycle. FASEB J. 2009 Nov;23(11):3917-27. doi: 10.1096/fj.09-136630. Epub 2009 Jul 28. PMID:19638400 doi:10.1096/fj.09-136630
- ↑ Zunino R, Braschi E, Xu L, McBride HM. Translocation of SenP5 from the nucleoli to the mitochondria modulates DRP1-dependent fission during mitosis. J Biol Chem. 2009 Jun 26;284(26):17783-95. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M901902200. Epub 2009, May 1. PMID:19411255 doi:10.1074/jbc.M901902200
- ↑ Cho DH, Nakamura T, Fang J, Cieplak P, Godzik A, Gu Z, Lipton SA. S-nitrosylation of Drp1 mediates beta-amyloid-related mitochondrial fission and neuronal injury. Science. 2009 Apr 3;324(5923):102-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1171091. PMID:19342591 doi:10.1126/science.1171091
- ↑ Bonekamp NA, Vormund K, Jacob R, Schrader M. Dynamin-like protein 1 at the Golgi complex: a novel component of the sorting/targeting machinery en route to the plasma membrane. Exp Cell Res. 2010 Dec 10;316(20):3454-67. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.07.020. Epub, 2010 Aug 3. PMID:20688057 doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.07.020
- ↑ Imoto M, Tachibana I, Urrutia R. Identification and functional characterization of a novel human protein highly related to the yeast dynamin-like GTPase Vps1p. J Cell Sci. 1998 May;111 ( Pt 10):1341-9. PMID:9570752
- ↑ Smirnova E, Shurland DL, Ryazantsev SN, van der Bliek AM. A human dynamin-related protein controls the distribution of mitochondria. J Cell Biol. 1998 Oct 19;143(2):351-8. PMID:9786947
- ↑ Smirnova E, Griparic L, Shurland DL, van der Bliek AM. Dynamin-related protein Drp1 is required for mitochondrial division in mammalian cells. Mol Biol Cell. 2001 Aug;12(8):2245-56. PMID:11514614
- ↑ Koch A, Thiemann M, Grabenbauer M, Yoon Y, McNiven MA, Schrader M. Dynamin-like protein 1 is involved in peroxisomal fission. J Biol Chem. 2003 Mar 7;278(10):8597-605. Epub 2002 Dec 23. PMID:12499366 doi:10.1074/jbc.M211761200
- ↑ Li X, Gould SJ. The dynamin-like GTPase DLP1 is essential for peroxisome division and is recruited to peroxisomes in part by PEX11. J Biol Chem. 2003 May 9;278(19):17012-20. Epub 2003 Mar 4. PMID:12618434 doi:10.1074/jbc.M212031200
- ↑ Zhu PP, Patterson A, Stadler J, Seeburg DP, Sheng M, Blackstone C. Intra- and intermolecular domain interactions of the C-terminal GTPase effector domain of the multimeric dynamin-like GTPase Drp1. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 20;279(34):35967-74. Epub 2004 Jun 18. PMID:15208300 doi:10.1074/jbc.M404105200
- ↑ Parone PA, James DI, Da Cruz S, Mattenberger Y, Donze O, Barja F, Martinou JC. Inhibiting the mitochondrial fission machinery does not prevent Bax/Bak-dependent apoptosis. Mol Cell Biol. 2006 Oct;26(20):7397-408. PMID:17015472 doi:10.1128/MCB.02282-05
- ↑ Taguchi N, Ishihara N, Jofuku A, Oka T, Mihara K. Mitotic phosphorylation of dynamin-related GTPase Drp1 participates in mitochondrial fission. J Biol Chem. 2007 Apr 13;282(15):11521-9. Epub 2007 Feb 14. PMID:17301055 doi:10.1074/jbc.M607279200
- ↑ Chang CR, Blackstone C. Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation of Drp1 regulates its GTPase activity and mitochondrial morphology. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jul 27;282(30):21583-7. Epub 2007 Jun 6. PMID:17553808 doi:10.1074/jbc.C700083200
- ↑ Waterham HR, Koster J, van Roermund CW, Mooyer PA, Wanders RJ, Leonard JV. A lethal defect of mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission. N Engl J Med. 2007 Apr 26;356(17):1736-41. PMID:17460227 doi:10.1056/NEJMoa064436
- ↑ Han XJ, Lu YF, Li SA, Kaitsuka T, Sato Y, Tomizawa K, Nairn AC, Takei K, Matsui H, Matsushita M. CaM kinase I alpha-induced phosphorylation of Drp1 regulates mitochondrial morphology. J Cell Biol. 2008 Aug 11;182(3):573-85. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200802164. PMID:18695047 doi:10.1083/jcb.200802164
- ↑ Cereghetti GM, Stangherlin A, Martins de Brito O, Chang CR, Blackstone C, Bernardi P, Scorrano L. Dephosphorylation by calcineurin regulates translocation of Drp1 to mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Oct 14;105(41):15803-8. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.0808249105. Epub 2008 Oct 6. PMID:18838687 doi:10.1073/pnas.0808249105
- ↑ Figueroa-Romero C, Iniguez-Lluhi JA, Stadler J, Chang CR, Arnoult D, Keller PJ, Hong Y, Blackstone C, Feldman EL. SUMOylation of the mitochondrial fission protein Drp1 occurs at multiple nonconsensus sites within the B domain and is linked to its activity cycle. FASEB J. 2009 Nov;23(11):3917-27. doi: 10.1096/fj.09-136630. Epub 2009 Jul 28. PMID:19638400 doi:10.1096/fj.09-136630
- ↑ Zunino R, Braschi E, Xu L, McBride HM. Translocation of SenP5 from the nucleoli to the mitochondria modulates DRP1-dependent fission during mitosis. J Biol Chem. 2009 Jun 26;284(26):17783-95. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M901902200. Epub 2009, May 1. PMID:19411255 doi:10.1074/jbc.M901902200
- ↑ Cho DH, Nakamura T, Fang J, Cieplak P, Godzik A, Gu Z, Lipton SA. S-nitrosylation of Drp1 mediates beta-amyloid-related mitochondrial fission and neuronal injury. Science. 2009 Apr 3;324(5923):102-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1171091. PMID:19342591 doi:10.1126/science.1171091
- ↑ Bonekamp NA, Vormund K, Jacob R, Schrader M. Dynamin-like protein 1 at the Golgi complex: a novel component of the sorting/targeting machinery en route to the plasma membrane. Exp Cell Res. 2010 Dec 10;316(20):3454-67. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.07.020. Epub, 2010 Aug 3. PMID:20688057 doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.07.020
- ↑ Wenger J, Klinglmayr E, Frohlich C, Eibl C, Gimeno A, Hessenberger M, Puehringer S, Daumke O, Goettig P. Functional Mapping of Human Dynamin-1-Like GTPase Domain Based on X-ray Structure Analyses. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 19;8(8):e71835. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071835. PMID:23977156 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071835
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