Structural highlights
Function
CTNA2_MOUSE May function as a linker between cadherin adhesion receptors and the cytoskeleton to regulate cell-cell adhesion and differentiation in the nervous system. Regulates morphological plasticity of synapses and cerebellar and hippocampal lamination during development. Functions in the control of startle modulation.[1] [2] [3]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The classical cadherin-beta-catenin-alpha-catenin complex mediates homophilic cell-cell adhesion and mechanically couples the actin cytoskeletons of adjacent cells. Although alpha-catenin binds to beta-catenin and to F-actin, beta-catenin significantly weakens the affinity of alpha-catenin for F-actin. Moreover, alpha-catenin self-associates into homodimers that block beta-catenin binding. We investigated quantitatively and structurally alphaE- and alphaN-catenin dimer formation, their interaction with beta-catenin and the cadherin-beta-catenin complex, and the effect of the alpha-catenin actin-binding domain on beta-catenin association. The two alpha-catenin variants differ in their self-association properties: at physiological temperatures alphaE-catenin homodimerizes 10x more weakly than does alphaN-catenin, but is kinetically trapped in its oligomeric state. Both alphaE- and alphaN-catenin bind to beta-catenin with a Kd of 20 nM, and this affinity is increased by an order of magnitude when cadherin is bound to beta-catenin. We describe the crystal structure of a complex representing the full beta-catenin-alphaN-catenin interface. A three-dimensional model of the cadherin-beta-catenin-alpha-catenin complex based on these new structural data suggests mechanisms for the enhanced stability of the ternary complex. The C-terminal actin-binding domain of alpha-catenin has no influence on the interactions with beta-catenin, arguing against models in which beta-catenin weakens actin binding by stabilizing inhibitory intramolecular interactions between the actin-binding domain and the rest of alpha-catenin.
Structural and Thermodynamic Characterization of Cadherin-beta-catenin-alpha-catenin Complex Formation.,Pokutta S, Choi HJ, Ahlsen G, Hansen SD, Weis WI J Biol Chem. 2014 Apr 1. PMID:24692547[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Park C, Falls W, Finger JH, Longo-Guess CM, Ackerman SL. Deletion in Catna2, encoding alpha N-catenin, causes cerebellar and hippocampal lamination defects and impaired startle modulation. Nat Genet. 2002 Jul;31(3):279-84. Epub 2002 Jun 24. PMID:12089526 doi:10.1038/ng908
- ↑ Togashi H, Abe K, Mizoguchi A, Takaoka K, Chisaka O, Takeichi M. Cadherin regulates dendritic spine morphogenesis. Neuron. 2002 Jul 3;35(1):77-89. PMID:12123610
- ↑ Abe K, Chisaka O, Van Roy F, Takeichi M. Stability of dendritic spines and synaptic contacts is controlled by alpha N-catenin. Nat Neurosci. 2004 Apr;7(4):357-63. Epub 2004 Mar 21. PMID:15034585 doi:10.1038/nn1212
- ↑ Pokutta S, Choi HJ, Ahlsen G, Hansen SD, Weis WI. Structural and Thermodynamic Characterization of Cadherin-beta-catenin-alpha-catenin Complex Formation. J Biol Chem. 2014 Apr 1. PMID:24692547 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.554709
