Structural highlights
6ugx is a 2 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
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| Method: | X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.1Å |
| Ligands: | , , , , , |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT |
Function
IGG1_HUMAN Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes. In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins-secreting plasma cells. Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:22158414, PubMed:20176268). The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain. Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen. The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:20176268, PubMed:17576170).[1] [2] [3]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
BACKGROUND: Higher-order structure (HOS) assessment is an important component of biosimilarity evaluations. While established spectroscopic methods are routinely used to characterize structure and evaluate similarity, the addition of X-ray crystallographic analysis to these biophysical methods enables orthogonal elucidation of HOS at higher resolution. METHODS: Crystal structures of the infliximab biosimilar PF-06438179/GP1111 and the reference product Remicade((R)), sourced from US and European Union markets, were determined and compared to evaluate HOS similarity. Analytical ultracentrifugation studies were conducted to understand reversible self-association. RESULTS: In contrast to more routine spectroscopic methods, the crystal structures enable three-dimensional assessment of complementarity-determining regions and other local regions at near-atomic resolution. The biosimilar structures are highly similar to those of the reference product, as demonstrated visually and though all-atom root-mean-squared deviation measurements. CONCLUSION: The structures provide new insights into the physicochemical properties of the proposed biosimilar and the reference product, further strengthening the 'totality of evidence' in the evaluation of similarity.
Crystal Structures of PF-06438179/GP1111, an Infliximab Biosimilar.,Lerch TF, Sharpe P, Mayclin SJ, Edwards TE, Polleck S, Rouse JC, Zou Q, Conlon HD BioDrugs. 2019 Oct 24. pii: 10.1007/s40259-019-00390-1. doi:, 10.1007/s40259-019-00390-1. PMID:31650490[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Teng G, Papavasiliou FN. Immunoglobulin somatic hypermutation. Annu Rev Genet. 2007;41:107-20. PMID:17576170 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genet.41.110306.130340
- ↑ Schroeder HW Jr, Cavacini L. Structure and function of immunoglobulins. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Feb;125(2 Suppl 2):S41-52. doi:, 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.09.046. PMID:20176268 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2009.09.046
- ↑ McHeyzer-Williams M, Okitsu S, Wang N, McHeyzer-Williams L. Molecular programming of B cell memory. Nat Rev Immunol. 2011 Dec 9;12(1):24-34. doi: 10.1038/nri3128. PMID:22158414 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nri3128
- ↑ Lerch TF, Sharpe P, Mayclin SJ, Edwards TE, Polleck S, Rouse JC, Zou Q, Conlon HD. Crystal Structures of PF-06438179/GP1111, an Infliximab Biosimilar. BioDrugs. 2019 Oct 24. pii: 10.1007/s40259-019-00390-1. doi:, 10.1007/s40259-019-00390-1. PMID:31650490 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40259-019-00390-1
