2of6

Structural highlights

Function

POLG_KUNJM Capsid protein C self-assembles to form an icosahedral capsid about 30 nm in diameter. The capsid encapsulates the genomic RNA (By similarity).^{[1] [2] [3] [4]} prM acts as a chaperone for envelope protein E during intracellular virion assembly by masking and inactivating envelope protein E fusion peptide. prM is matured in the last step of virion assembly, presumably to avoid catastrophic activation of the viral fusion peptide induced by the acidic pH of the trans-Golgi network. After cleavage by host furin, the pr peptide is released in the extracellular medium and small envelope protein M and envelope protein E homodimers are dissociated (By similarity).^{[5] [6] [7] [8]} Envelope protein E binding to host cell surface receptor is followed by virus internalization through clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Envelope protein E is subsequently involved in membrane fusion between virion and host late endosomes. Synthesized as a homodimer with prM which acts as a chaperone for envelope protein E. After cleavage of prM, envelope protein E dissociate from small envelope protein M and homodimerizes (By similarity).^{[9] [10] [11] [12]} Non-structural protein 1 is involved in virus replication and regulation of the innate immune response (By similarity).^{[13] [14] [15] [16]} Non-structural protein 2A may be involved viral RNA replication and capsid assembly (Potential).^{[17] [18] [19] [20]} Non-structural protein 2B is a required cofactor for the serine protease function of NS3 (By similarity).^{[21] [22] [23] [24]} Serine protease NS3 displays three enzymatic activities: serine protease, NTPase and RNA helicase. NS3 serine protease, in association with NS2B, performs its autocleavage and cleaves the polyprotein at dibasic sites in the cytoplasm: C-prM, NS2A-NS2B, NS2B-NS3, NS3-NS4A, NS4A-2K and NS4B-NS5. NS3 RNA helicase binds RNA and unwinds dsRNA in the 3' to 5' direction (By similarity).^{[25] [26] [27] [28]} Non-structural protein 4A induces host endoplasmic reticulum membrane rearrangements leading to the formation of virus-induced membranous vesicles hosting the dsRNA and polymerase, functioning as a replication complex. NS4A might also regulate the ATPase activity of the NS3 helicase (By similarity).^{[29] [30] [31] [32]} Peptide 2k functions as a signal peptide for NS4B and is required for the interferon antagonism activity of the latter (By similarity).^{[33] [34] [35] [36]} Non-structural protein 4B inhibits interferon (IFN)-induced host STAT1 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, thereby preventing the establishment of cellular antiviral state by blocking the IFN-alpha/beta pathway (By similarity).^{[37] [38] [39] [40]} RNA-directed RNA polymerase NS5 replicates the viral (+) and (-) genome, and performs the capping of genomes in the cytoplasm. NS5 methylates viral RNA cap at guanine N-7 and ribose 2'-O positions. Besides its role in genome replication, also prevents the establishment of cellular antiviral state by blocking the interferon-alpha/beta (IFN-alpha/beta) signaling pathway. Inhibits host JAK1 and TYK2 phosphorylation, thereby preventing activation of JAK-STAT signaling pathway.^{[41] [42] [43] [44]}

See Also

• Heat Shock Protein structures

References

1. ↑ Leung JY, Pijlman GP, Kondratieva N, Hyde J, Mackenzie JM, Khromykh AA. Role of nonstructural protein NS2A in flavivirus assembly. J Virol. 2008 May;82(10):4731-41. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00002-08. Epub 2008 Mar 12. PMID:18337583 doi:10.1128/JVI.00002-08
2. ↑ Gillespie LK, Hoenen A, Morgan G, Mackenzie JM. The endoplasmic reticulum provides the membrane platform for biogenesis of the flavivirus replication complex. J Virol. 2010 Oct;84(20):10438-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00986-10. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PMID:20686019 doi:10.1128/JVI.00986-10
3. ↑ Guo JT, Hayashi J, Seeger C. West Nile virus inhibits the signal transduction pathway of alpha interferon. J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(3):1343-50. PMID:15650160 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1343-1350.2005
4. ↑ Laurent-Rolle M, Boer EF, Lubick KJ, Wolfinbarger JB, Carmody AB, Rockx B, Liu W, Ashour J, Shupert WL, Holbrook MR, Barrett AD, Mason PW, Bloom ME, Garcia-Sastre A, Khromykh AA, Best SM. The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling. J Virol. 2010 Apr;84(7):3503-15. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01161-09. Epub 2010 Jan 27. PMID:20106931 doi:10.1128/JVI.01161-09
5. ↑ Leung JY, Pijlman GP, Kondratieva N, Hyde J, Mackenzie JM, Khromykh AA. Role of nonstructural protein NS2A in flavivirus assembly. J Virol. 2008 May;82(10):4731-41. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00002-08. Epub 2008 Mar 12. PMID:18337583 doi:10.1128/JVI.00002-08
6. ↑ Gillespie LK, Hoenen A, Morgan G, Mackenzie JM. The endoplasmic reticulum provides the membrane platform for biogenesis of the flavivirus replication complex. J Virol. 2010 Oct;84(20):10438-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00986-10. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PMID:20686019 doi:10.1128/JVI.00986-10
7. ↑ Guo JT, Hayashi J, Seeger C. West Nile virus inhibits the signal transduction pathway of alpha interferon. J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(3):1343-50. PMID:15650160 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1343-1350.2005
8. ↑ Laurent-Rolle M, Boer EF, Lubick KJ, Wolfinbarger JB, Carmody AB, Rockx B, Liu W, Ashour J, Shupert WL, Holbrook MR, Barrett AD, Mason PW, Bloom ME, Garcia-Sastre A, Khromykh AA, Best SM. The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling. J Virol. 2010 Apr;84(7):3503-15. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01161-09. Epub 2010 Jan 27. PMID:20106931 doi:10.1128/JVI.01161-09
9. ↑ Leung JY, Pijlman GP, Kondratieva N, Hyde J, Mackenzie JM, Khromykh AA. Role of nonstructural protein NS2A in flavivirus assembly. J Virol. 2008 May;82(10):4731-41. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00002-08. Epub 2008 Mar 12. PMID:18337583 doi:10.1128/JVI.00002-08
10. ↑ Gillespie LK, Hoenen A, Morgan G, Mackenzie JM. The endoplasmic reticulum provides the membrane platform for biogenesis of the flavivirus replication complex. J Virol. 2010 Oct;84(20):10438-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00986-10. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PMID:20686019 doi:10.1128/JVI.00986-10
11. ↑ Guo JT, Hayashi J, Seeger C. West Nile virus inhibits the signal transduction pathway of alpha interferon. J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(3):1343-50. PMID:15650160 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1343-1350.2005
12. ↑ Laurent-Rolle M, Boer EF, Lubick KJ, Wolfinbarger JB, Carmody AB, Rockx B, Liu W, Ashour J, Shupert WL, Holbrook MR, Barrett AD, Mason PW, Bloom ME, Garcia-Sastre A, Khromykh AA, Best SM. The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling. J Virol. 2010 Apr;84(7):3503-15. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01161-09. Epub 2010 Jan 27. PMID:20106931 doi:10.1128/JVI.01161-09
13. ↑ Leung JY, Pijlman GP, Kondratieva N, Hyde J, Mackenzie JM, Khromykh AA. Role of nonstructural protein NS2A in flavivirus assembly. J Virol. 2008 May;82(10):4731-41. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00002-08. Epub 2008 Mar 12. PMID:18337583 doi:10.1128/JVI.00002-08
14. ↑ Gillespie LK, Hoenen A, Morgan G, Mackenzie JM. The endoplasmic reticulum provides the membrane platform for biogenesis of the flavivirus replication complex. J Virol. 2010 Oct;84(20):10438-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00986-10. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PMID:20686019 doi:10.1128/JVI.00986-10
15. ↑ Guo JT, Hayashi J, Seeger C. West Nile virus inhibits the signal transduction pathway of alpha interferon. J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(3):1343-50. PMID:15650160 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1343-1350.2005
16. ↑ Laurent-Rolle M, Boer EF, Lubick KJ, Wolfinbarger JB, Carmody AB, Rockx B, Liu W, Ashour J, Shupert WL, Holbrook MR, Barrett AD, Mason PW, Bloom ME, Garcia-Sastre A, Khromykh AA, Best SM. The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling. J Virol. 2010 Apr;84(7):3503-15. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01161-09. Epub 2010 Jan 27. PMID:20106931 doi:10.1128/JVI.01161-09
17. ↑ Leung JY, Pijlman GP, Kondratieva N, Hyde J, Mackenzie JM, Khromykh AA. Role of nonstructural protein NS2A in flavivirus assembly. J Virol. 2008 May;82(10):4731-41. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00002-08. Epub 2008 Mar 12. PMID:18337583 doi:10.1128/JVI.00002-08
18. ↑ Gillespie LK, Hoenen A, Morgan G, Mackenzie JM. The endoplasmic reticulum provides the membrane platform for biogenesis of the flavivirus replication complex. J Virol. 2010 Oct;84(20):10438-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00986-10. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PMID:20686019 doi:10.1128/JVI.00986-10
19. ↑ Guo JT, Hayashi J, Seeger C. West Nile virus inhibits the signal transduction pathway of alpha interferon. J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(3):1343-50. PMID:15650160 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1343-1350.2005
20. ↑ Laurent-Rolle M, Boer EF, Lubick KJ, Wolfinbarger JB, Carmody AB, Rockx B, Liu W, Ashour J, Shupert WL, Holbrook MR, Barrett AD, Mason PW, Bloom ME, Garcia-Sastre A, Khromykh AA, Best SM. The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling. J Virol. 2010 Apr;84(7):3503-15. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01161-09. Epub 2010 Jan 27. PMID:20106931 doi:10.1128/JVI.01161-09
21. ↑ Leung JY, Pijlman GP, Kondratieva N, Hyde J, Mackenzie JM, Khromykh AA. Role of nonstructural protein NS2A in flavivirus assembly. J Virol. 2008 May;82(10):4731-41. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00002-08. Epub 2008 Mar 12. PMID:18337583 doi:10.1128/JVI.00002-08
22. ↑ Gillespie LK, Hoenen A, Morgan G, Mackenzie JM. The endoplasmic reticulum provides the membrane platform for biogenesis of the flavivirus replication complex. J Virol. 2010 Oct;84(20):10438-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00986-10. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PMID:20686019 doi:10.1128/JVI.00986-10
23. ↑ Guo JT, Hayashi J, Seeger C. West Nile virus inhibits the signal transduction pathway of alpha interferon. J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(3):1343-50. PMID:15650160 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1343-1350.2005
24. ↑ Laurent-Rolle M, Boer EF, Lubick KJ, Wolfinbarger JB, Carmody AB, Rockx B, Liu W, Ashour J, Shupert WL, Holbrook MR, Barrett AD, Mason PW, Bloom ME, Garcia-Sastre A, Khromykh AA, Best SM. The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling. J Virol. 2010 Apr;84(7):3503-15. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01161-09. Epub 2010 Jan 27. PMID:20106931 doi:10.1128/JVI.01161-09
25. ↑ Leung JY, Pijlman GP, Kondratieva N, Hyde J, Mackenzie JM, Khromykh AA. Role of nonstructural protein NS2A in flavivirus assembly. J Virol. 2008 May;82(10):4731-41. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00002-08. Epub 2008 Mar 12. PMID:18337583 doi:10.1128/JVI.00002-08
26. ↑ Gillespie LK, Hoenen A, Morgan G, Mackenzie JM. The endoplasmic reticulum provides the membrane platform for biogenesis of the flavivirus replication complex. J Virol. 2010 Oct;84(20):10438-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00986-10. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PMID:20686019 doi:10.1128/JVI.00986-10
27. ↑ Guo JT, Hayashi J, Seeger C. West Nile virus inhibits the signal transduction pathway of alpha interferon. J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(3):1343-50. PMID:15650160 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1343-1350.2005
28. ↑ Laurent-Rolle M, Boer EF, Lubick KJ, Wolfinbarger JB, Carmody AB, Rockx B, Liu W, Ashour J, Shupert WL, Holbrook MR, Barrett AD, Mason PW, Bloom ME, Garcia-Sastre A, Khromykh AA, Best SM. The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling. J Virol. 2010 Apr;84(7):3503-15. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01161-09. Epub 2010 Jan 27. PMID:20106931 doi:10.1128/JVI.01161-09
29. ↑ Leung JY, Pijlman GP, Kondratieva N, Hyde J, Mackenzie JM, Khromykh AA. Role of nonstructural protein NS2A in flavivirus assembly. J Virol. 2008 May;82(10):4731-41. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00002-08. Epub 2008 Mar 12. PMID:18337583 doi:10.1128/JVI.00002-08
30. ↑ Gillespie LK, Hoenen A, Morgan G, Mackenzie JM. The endoplasmic reticulum provides the membrane platform for biogenesis of the flavivirus replication complex. J Virol. 2010 Oct;84(20):10438-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00986-10. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PMID:20686019 doi:10.1128/JVI.00986-10
31. ↑ Guo JT, Hayashi J, Seeger C. West Nile virus inhibits the signal transduction pathway of alpha interferon. J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(3):1343-50. PMID:15650160 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1343-1350.2005
32. ↑ Laurent-Rolle M, Boer EF, Lubick KJ, Wolfinbarger JB, Carmody AB, Rockx B, Liu W, Ashour J, Shupert WL, Holbrook MR, Barrett AD, Mason PW, Bloom ME, Garcia-Sastre A, Khromykh AA, Best SM. The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling. J Virol. 2010 Apr;84(7):3503-15. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01161-09. Epub 2010 Jan 27. PMID:20106931 doi:10.1128/JVI.01161-09
33. ↑ Leung JY, Pijlman GP, Kondratieva N, Hyde J, Mackenzie JM, Khromykh AA. Role of nonstructural protein NS2A in flavivirus assembly. J Virol. 2008 May;82(10):4731-41. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00002-08. Epub 2008 Mar 12. PMID:18337583 doi:10.1128/JVI.00002-08
34. ↑ Gillespie LK, Hoenen A, Morgan G, Mackenzie JM. The endoplasmic reticulum provides the membrane platform for biogenesis of the flavivirus replication complex. J Virol. 2010 Oct;84(20):10438-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00986-10. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PMID:20686019 doi:10.1128/JVI.00986-10
35. ↑ Guo JT, Hayashi J, Seeger C. West Nile virus inhibits the signal transduction pathway of alpha interferon. J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(3):1343-50. PMID:15650160 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1343-1350.2005
36. ↑ Laurent-Rolle M, Boer EF, Lubick KJ, Wolfinbarger JB, Carmody AB, Rockx B, Liu W, Ashour J, Shupert WL, Holbrook MR, Barrett AD, Mason PW, Bloom ME, Garcia-Sastre A, Khromykh AA, Best SM. The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling. J Virol. 2010 Apr;84(7):3503-15. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01161-09. Epub 2010 Jan 27. PMID:20106931 doi:10.1128/JVI.01161-09
37. ↑ Leung JY, Pijlman GP, Kondratieva N, Hyde J, Mackenzie JM, Khromykh AA. Role of nonstructural protein NS2A in flavivirus assembly. J Virol. 2008 May;82(10):4731-41. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00002-08. Epub 2008 Mar 12. PMID:18337583 doi:10.1128/JVI.00002-08
38. ↑ Gillespie LK, Hoenen A, Morgan G, Mackenzie JM. The endoplasmic reticulum provides the membrane platform for biogenesis of the flavivirus replication complex. J Virol. 2010 Oct;84(20):10438-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00986-10. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PMID:20686019 doi:10.1128/JVI.00986-10
39. ↑ Guo JT, Hayashi J, Seeger C. West Nile virus inhibits the signal transduction pathway of alpha interferon. J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(3):1343-50. PMID:15650160 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1343-1350.2005
40. ↑ Laurent-Rolle M, Boer EF, Lubick KJ, Wolfinbarger JB, Carmody AB, Rockx B, Liu W, Ashour J, Shupert WL, Holbrook MR, Barrett AD, Mason PW, Bloom ME, Garcia-Sastre A, Khromykh AA, Best SM. The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling. J Virol. 2010 Apr;84(7):3503-15. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01161-09. Epub 2010 Jan 27. PMID:20106931 doi:10.1128/JVI.01161-09
41. ↑ Leung JY, Pijlman GP, Kondratieva N, Hyde J, Mackenzie JM, Khromykh AA. Role of nonstructural protein NS2A in flavivirus assembly. J Virol. 2008 May;82(10):4731-41. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00002-08. Epub 2008 Mar 12. PMID:18337583 doi:10.1128/JVI.00002-08
42. ↑ Gillespie LK, Hoenen A, Morgan G, Mackenzie JM. The endoplasmic reticulum provides the membrane platform for biogenesis of the flavivirus replication complex. J Virol. 2010 Oct;84(20):10438-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00986-10. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PMID:20686019 doi:10.1128/JVI.00986-10
43. ↑ Guo JT, Hayashi J, Seeger C. West Nile virus inhibits the signal transduction pathway of alpha interferon. J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(3):1343-50. PMID:15650160 doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1343-1350.2005
44. ↑ Laurent-Rolle M, Boer EF, Lubick KJ, Wolfinbarger JB, Carmody AB, Rockx B, Liu W, Ashour J, Shupert WL, Holbrook MR, Barrett AD, Mason PW, Bloom ME, Garcia-Sastre A, Khromykh AA, Best SM. The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling. J Virol. 2010 Apr;84(7):3503-15. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01161-09. Epub 2010 Jan 27. PMID:20106931 doi:10.1128/JVI.01161-09
45. ↑ Zhang Y, Kaufmann B, Chipman PR, Kuhn RJ, Rossmann MG. Structure of immature West Nile virus. J Virol. 2007 Jun;81(11):6141-5. Epub 2007 Mar 21. PMID:17376919 doi:10.1128/JVI.00037-07