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From Proteopedia
Protein-drug complex
Structural highlights
DiseaseHEMH_HUMAN Defects in FECH are the cause of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) [MIM:177000. Porphyrias are inherited defects in the biosynthesis of heme, resulting in the accumulation and increased excretion of porphyrins or porphyrin precursors. They are classified as erythropoietic or hepatic, depending on whether the enzyme deficiency occurs in red blood cells or in the liver. EPP is a form of porphyria marked by excessive protoporphyrin in erythrocytes, plasma, liver and feces, and by widely varying photosensitive skin changes ranging from a burning or pruritic sensation to erythema, edema and wheals.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] FunctionHEMH_HUMAN Catalyzes the ferrous insertion into protoporphyrin IX. Publication Abstract from PubMedSalicylic acid is a classic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Although salicylic acid also induces mitochondrial injury, the mechanism of its anti-mitochondrial activity is not well understood. In this study, by using a one-step affinity purification scheme with salicylic acid-immobilized beads, ferrochelatase (FECH), a homodimeric enzyme involved in heme biosynthesis in mitochondria, was identified as a new molecular target of salicylic acid. Moreover, co-crystal structure of the FECH.salicylic acid complex was determined. Structural and biochemical studies showed that salicylic acid binds to the dimer interface of FECH in two possible orientations and inhibits its enzymatic activity. Mutational analysis confirmed that Trp301 and Leu311, hydrophobic amino acid residues located at the dimer interface, are directly involved in salicylic acid binding. On a gel filtration column, salicylic acid caused a shift in the elution profile of FECH, indicating that its conformational change is induced by salicylic acid binding. In cultured human cells, salicylic acid treatment or FECH knockdown inhibited heme synthesis, whereas salicylic acid did not exert its inhibitory effect in FECH knockdown cells. Concordantly, salicylic acid treatment or FECH knockdown inhibited heme synthesis in zebrafish embryos. Strikingly, the salicylic acid-induced effect in zebrafish was partially rescued by FECH overexpression. Taken together, these findings illustrate that FECH is responsible for salicylic acid-induced inhibition of heme synthesis, which may contribute to its anti-mitochondrial and anti-inflammatory function. This study establishes a novel aspect of the complex pharmacological effects of salicylic acid. Salicylic Acid Induces Mitochondrial Injury by Inhibiting Ferrochelatase Heme Biosynthesis Activity.,Gupta V, Liu S, Ando H, Ishii R, Tateno S, Kaneko Y, Yugami M, Sakamoto S, Yamaguchi Y, Nureki O, Handa H Mol Pharmacol. 2013 Sep 16. PMID:24043703[13] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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Categories: Homo sapiens | Large Structures | Gupta V | Handa H | Ishii R | Nureki O | Yamaguchi Y
