| Structural highlights
Function
BACE1_HUMAN Responsible for the proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Cleaves at the N-terminus of the A-beta peptide sequence, between residues 671 and 672 of APP, leads to the generation and extracellular release of beta-cleaved soluble APP, and a corresponding cell-associated C-terminal fragment which is later released by gamma-secretase.[1] [2]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
BACE1 is an attractive target for disease-modifying treatment of Alzheimer's disease. BACE2, having high homology around the catalytic site, poses a critical challenge to identifying selective BACE1 inhibitors. Recent evidence indicated that BACE2 has various roles in peripheral tissues and the brain, and therefore, the chronic use of nonselective inhibitors may cause side effects derived from BACE2 inhibition. Crystallographic analysis of the nonselective inhibitor verubecestat identified explicit water molecules with different levels of free energy in the S2' pocket. Structure-based design targeting them enabled the identification of propynyl oxazine 3 with improved selectivity. Further optimization efforts led to the discovery of compound 6 with high selectivity. The cocrystal structures of 7, a close analogue of 6, bound to BACE1 and BACE2 confirmed that one of the explicit water molecules is displaced by the propynyl group, suggesting that the difference in the relative water displacement cost may contribute to the improved selectivity.
Structure-Based Approaches to Improving Selectivity through Utilizing Explicit Water Molecules: Discovery of Selective beta-Secretase (BACE1) Inhibitors over BACE2.,Fujimoto K, Yoshida S, Tadano G, Asada N, Fuchino K, Suzuki S, Matsuoka E, Yamamoto T, Yamamoto S, Ando S, Kanegawa N, Tonomura Y, Ito H, Moechars D, Rombouts FJR, Gijsen HJM, Kusakabe KI J Med Chem. 2021 Mar 25;64(6):3075-3085. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01858. Epub , 2021 Mar 15. PMID:33719429[3]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Lin X, Koelsch G, Wu S, Downs D, Dashti A, Tang J. Human aspartic protease memapsin 2 cleaves the beta-secretase site of beta-amyloid precursor protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Feb 15;97(4):1456-60. PMID:10677483
- ↑ Okada H, Zhang W, Peterhoff C, Hwang JC, Nixon RA, Ryu SH, Kim TW. Proteomic identification of sorting nexin 6 as a negative regulator of BACE1-mediated APP processing. FASEB J. 2010 Aug;24(8):2783-94. doi: 10.1096/fj.09-146357. Epub 2010 Mar 30. PMID:20354142 doi:10.1096/fj.09-146357
- ↑ Fujimoto K, Yoshida S, Tadano G, Asada N, Fuchino K, Suzuki S, Matsuoka E, Yamamoto T, Yamamoto S, Ando S, Kanegawa N, Tonomura Y, Ito H, Moechars D, Rombouts FJR, Gijsen HJM, Kusakabe KI. Structure-Based Approaches to Improving Selectivity through Utilizing Explicit Water Molecules: Discovery of Selective beta-Secretase (BACE1) Inhibitors over BACE2. J Med Chem. 2021 Mar 25;64(6):3075-3085. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01858. Epub , 2021 Mar 15. PMID:33719429 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01858
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