Structural highlights
Function
ECTB_CHRSD Catalyzes reversively the conversion of L-aspartate beta-semialdehyde (ASA) to L-2,4-diaminobutyrate (DABA) by transamination with L-glutamate.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DABA) aminotransferases can catalyze the formation of amines at the distal omega-position of substrates but were also found as the first and characterized as the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis pathway of the cytoprotecting molecule ectoine. Although there is an industrial interest in the biosynthesis of ectoine, the DABA aminotransferases remain poorly characterized. Herein, we present the crystal structure of EctB (2.45A) a DABA aminotransferase from Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 3043, a well-studied organism with respect to osmoadaptation by ectoine biosynthesis. We investigate the enzyme's oligomeric state to show that EctB from C. salexigens is a tetramer of two functional dimers, and suggest conserved recognition sites for dimerization that also includes the characteristic gating-loop that helps shape the active site of the neighboring monomer. Although omega-transaminases are known to have two binding pockets to accommodate for their dual substrate specificity, we herein provide the first description of two binding pockets in the active site that may account for the catalytic character of DABA-aminotransferases. Furthermore, our biochemical data reveal that the EctB enzyme from C. salexigens is a thermostable, halotolerant enzyme with a broad pH tolerance which may be linked to its tetrameric state. Put together, this study creates a solid foundation for a deeper structural understanding of DABA aminotransferases and opening up for future downstream studies of EctB's catalytic character and its redesign as a better catalyst for ectoine biosynthesis. In summary, we believe that the EctB enzyme from C. salexigens can serve as a benchmark enzyme for characterization of DABA aminotransferases.
The crystal structure of the tetrameric DABA-aminotransferase EctB, a rate-limiting enzyme in the ectoine biosynthesis pathway.,Hillier HT, Altermark B, Leiros I FEBS J. 2020 Feb 29. doi: 10.1111/febs.15265. PMID:32112674[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Hillier HT, Altermark B, Leiros I. The crystal structure of the tetrameric DABA-aminotransferase EctB, a rate-limiting enzyme in the ectoine biosynthesis pathway. FEBS J. 2020 Feb 29. doi: 10.1111/febs.15265. PMID:32112674 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/febs.15265
