Structural highlights
Function
OAS1_PIG Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response. In addition, it may also play a role in other cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation. Synthesizes higher oligomers of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNase L) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation. Activation of RNase L leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis, thus terminating viral replication. Can mediate the antiviral effect via the classical RNase L-dependent pathway or an alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L. The secreted form displays antiviral effect against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and stimulates the alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L.[1]
References
- ↑ Kristiansen H, Scherer CA, McVean M, Iadonato SP, Vends S, Thavachelvam K, Steffensen TB, Horan KA, Kuri T, Weber F, Paludan SR, Hartmann R. Extracellular 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase stimulates RNase L-independent antiviral activity: a novel mechanism of virus-induced innate immunity. J Virol. 2010 Nov;84(22):11898-904. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01003-10. Epub 2010 Sep 15. PMID:20844035 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01003-10
