8vjo
From Proteopedia
Cryo-EM structure of Myxococcus xanthus EncA encapsulin shell loaded with EncD cargo
Structural highlights
FunctionENCAP_MYXXD Shell component of a type 1, iron-storage encapsulin nanocompartment. Encapsulin nanocompartments are 32 nm in diameter with an iron- and phosphorus-rich core (4Fe:1P) about 24 nm in diameter. Upon expression in E.coli most particles are 32 nm, 20% are 18 nm. The core is filled with an average of 14 dense granules, 5-6 nm in diameter that are not evenly distributed. Each nanocompartment is estimated to hold 30,000-35,000 Fe atoms (PubMed:25024436, PubMed:31194509). The minor proteins EncB, EncC and EncD probably lie against the interior face of the nanocompartment (Probable).[1] [2] [3] Publication Abstract from PubMedEncapsulins are protein nanocompartments that regulate cellular metabolism in several bacteria and archaea. Myxococcus xanthus encapsulins protect the bacterial cells against oxidative stress by sequestering cytosolic iron. These encapsulins are formed by the shell protein EncA and three cargo proteins: EncB, EncC, and EncD. EncB and EncC form rotationally symmetric decamers with ferroxidase centers (FOCs) that oxidize Fe(+2) to Fe(+3) for iron storage in mineral form. However, the structure and function of the third cargo protein, EncD, have yet to be determined. Here, we report the x-ray crystal structure of EncD in complex with flavin mononucleotide. EncD forms an alpha-helical hairpin arranged as an antiparallel dimer, but unlike other flavin-binding proteins, it has no beta-sheet, showing that EncD and its homologs represent a unique class of bacterial flavin-binding proteins. The cryo-EM structure of EncA-EncD encapsulins confirms that EncD binds to the interior of the EncA shell via its C-terminal targeting peptide. With only 100 amino acids, the EncD alpha-helical dimer forms the smallest flavin-binding domain observed to date. Unlike EncB and EncC, EncD lacks a FOC, and our biochemical results show that EncD instead is a NAD(P)H-dependent ferric reductase, indicating that the M. xanthus encapsulins act as an integrated system for iron homeostasis. Overall, this work contributes to our understanding of bacterial metabolism and could lead to the development of technologies for iron biomineralization and the production of iron-containing materials for the treatment of various diseases associated with oxidative stress. Myxococcus xanthus encapsulin cargo protein EncD is a flavin-binding protein with ferric reductase activity.,Eren E, Watts NR, Conway JF, Wingfield PT Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 May 21;121(21):e2400426121. doi: , 10.1073/pnas.2400426121. Epub 2024 May 15. PMID:38748579[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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