8rh4

Structural highlights

Function

GBRR1_HUMAN Rho subunit of the pentameric ligand-gated chloride channels responsible for mediating the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain (PubMed:37659407). Rho-containing GABA-gated chloride channels are a subclass of GABA(A) receptors (GABAARs) entirely composed of rho subunits, where GABA molecules bind at the rho intersubunit interfaces (PubMed:37659407). When activated by GABA, rho-GABAARs selectively allow the flow of chloride anions across the cell membrane down their electrochemical gradient (PubMed:37659407). Rho-1 subunits are primarily expressed in retina where rho-1-containing GABAARs may play a role in retinal neurotransmission (PubMed:1849271). Rho-1 GABAARs are also involved in neuronal tonic (extrasynaptic) and phasic (synaptic) transmission in the Purkinje neurons of the cerebellum (By similarity). Rho-1 GABAARs may also contribute to the regulation of glial development in the cerebellum by controlling extrasynaptic transmission (By similarity).[UniProtKB:P56475]^{[1] [2]}

References

1. ↑ Cutting GR, Lu L, O'Hara BF, Kasch LM, Montrose-Rafizadeh C, Donovan DM, Shimada S, Antonarakis SE, Guggino WB, Uhl GR, et al.. Cloning of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) rho 1 cDNA: a GABA receptor subunit highly expressed in the retina. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Apr 1;88(7):2673-7. PMID:1849271 doi:10.1073/pnas.88.7.2673
2. ↑ Cowgill J, Fan C, Haloi N, Tobiasson V, Zhuang Y, Howard RJ, Lindahl E. Structure and dynamics of differential ligand binding in the human ρ-type GABA(A) receptor. Neuron. 2023 Nov 1;111(21):3450-3464.e5. PMID:37659407 doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2023.08.006