1xn2
From Proteopedia
New substrate binding pockets for beta-secretase.
Overview
Memapsin 2 (beta-secretase) is the membrane-anchored aspartic protease that initiates the cleavage of beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP), leading to the production of amyloid-beta (Abeta), a major factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The active site of memapsin 2 has been shown, with kinetic data and crystal structures, to bind to eight substrate residues (P(4)-P(4)'). We describe here that the addition of three substrate residues from P(7) to P(5) strongly influences the hydrolytic activity by memapsin 2 and these subsites prefer hydrophobic residues, especially tryptophan. A crystal structure of memapsin 2 complexed with a statine-based inhibitor spanning P(10)-P(4)' revealed the binding positions of P(5)-P(7) residues. Kinetic studies revealed that the addition of these substrate residues contributes to the decrease in K(m) and increase in k(cat) values, suggesting that these residues contribute to both substrate recognition and transition-state binding. The crystal structure of a new inhibitor, OM03-4 (K(i) = 0.03 nM), bound to memapsin 2 revealed the interaction of a tryptophan with the S(6) subsite of the protease.
About this Structure
1XN2 is a Single protein structure of sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
Reference
Structural locations and functional roles of new subsites S5, S6, and S7 in memapsin 2 (beta-secretase)., Turner RT 3rd, Hong L, Koelsch G, Ghosh AK, Tang J, Biochemistry. 2005 Jan 11;44(1):105-12. PMID:15628850 Page seeded by OCA on Sat May 3 15:14:46 2008
