7to3

Structural highlights

Function

CDND2_ENTCL CBASS (cyclic oligonucleotide-based antiphage signaling system) provides immunity against bacteriophage. The CD-NTase protein synthesizes cyclic nucleotides in response to infection; these serve as specific second messenger signals. The signals activate a diverse range of effectors, leading to bacterial cell death and thus abortive phage infection. A type II-C(AAG) CBASS system (PubMed:32839535).^{[1] [2]} Cyclic trinucleotide synthase that catalyzes the synthesis of 3',3',3'-cyclic AMP-AMP-GMP as the major product, a second messenger for cell signal transduction.^[3] Protects E.coli against phage T2 infection. When the cdnD-cap2-cap3-cap4 operon is introduced in E.coli there is a more than 10(3) decrease in the efficiency of T2 plaque formation. The operon does not protect against phage T5 and only about 10-fold against T7.^[4]

References

1. ↑ Lowey B, Whiteley AT, Keszei AFA, Morehouse BR, Mathews IT, Antine SP, Cabrera VJ, Kashin D, Niemann P, Jain M, Schwede F, Mekalanos JJ, Shao S, Lee ASY, Kranzusch PJ. CBASS Immunity Uses CARF-Related Effectors to Sense 3'-5'- and 2'-5'-Linked Cyclic Oligonucleotide Signals and Protect Bacteria from Phage Infection. Cell. 2020 Jun 4. pii: S0092-8674(20)30614-0. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.019. PMID:32544385 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.019
2. ↑ Millman A, Melamed S, Amitai G, Sorek R. Diversity and classification of cyclic-oligonucleotide-based anti-phage signalling systems. Nat Microbiol. 2020 Dec;5(12):1608-1615. doi: 10.1038/s41564-020-0777-y. Epub, 2020 Aug 24. PMID:32839535 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41564-020-0777-y
3. ↑ Whiteley AT, Eaglesham JB, de Oliveira Mann CC, Morehouse BR, Lowey B, Nieminen EA, Danilchanka O, King DS, Lee ASY, Mekalanos JJ, Kranzusch PJ. Bacterial cGAS-like enzymes synthesize diverse nucleotide signals. Nature. 2019 Feb 20. pii: 10.1038/s41586-019-0953-5. doi:, 10.1038/s41586-019-0953-5. PMID:30787435 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-0953-5
4. ↑ Lowey B, Whiteley AT, Keszei AFA, Morehouse BR, Mathews IT, Antine SP, Cabrera VJ, Kashin D, Niemann P, Jain M, Schwede F, Mekalanos JJ, Shao S, Lee ASY, Kranzusch PJ. CBASS Immunity Uses CARF-Related Effectors to Sense 3'-5'- and 2'-5'-Linked Cyclic Oligonucleotide Signals and Protect Bacteria from Phage Infection. Cell. 2020 Jun 4. pii: S0092-8674(20)30614-0. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.019. PMID:32544385 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.019