6vzf

Structural highlights

Function

ATG11_YEAST Involved in cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), pexophagy, mitophagy and nucleophagy. Recruits mitochondria for their selective degradation via autophagy (mitophagy) during starvation, through its interaction with ATG32. Works as scaffold proteins that recruit ATG proteins to the pre-autophagosome (PAS), the site of vesicle/autophagosome formation. Required for ATG9 anterograde transport from the mitochondria to the PAS. Recruits also the ATG19-prAPE1 complex to the PAS. Required for the Cvt vesicles completion. Plays a significant role in life span extension.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34]}

See Also

• Autophagy-related protein 3D structures

References

1. ↑ Kamada Y, Funakoshi T, Shintani T, Nagano K, Ohsumi M, Ohsumi Y. Tor-mediated induction of autophagy via an Apg1 protein kinase complex. J Cell Biol. 2000 Sep 18;150(6):1507-13. PMID:10995454
2. ↑ Hutchins MU, Klionsky DJ. Vacuolar localization of oligomeric alpha-mannosidase requires the cytoplasm to vacuole targeting and autophagy pathway components in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jun 8;276(23):20491-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M101150200. Epub 2001, Mar 22. PMID:11264288 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M101150200
3. ↑ Kim J, Kamada Y, Stromhaug PE, Guan J, Hefner-Gravink A, Baba M, Scott SV, Ohsumi Y, Dunn WA Jr, Klionsky DJ. Cvt9/Gsa9 functions in sequestering selective cytosolic cargo destined for the vacuole. J Cell Biol. 2001 Apr 16;153(2):381-96. PMID:11309418
4. ↑ Shintani T, Huang WP, Stromhaug PE, Klionsky DJ. Mechanism of cargo selection in the cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway. Dev Cell. 2002 Dec;3(6):825-37. PMID:12479808
5. ↑ Shintani T, Klionsky DJ. Cargo proteins facilitate the formation of transport vesicles in the cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jul 16;279(29):29889-94. Epub 2004 May 11. PMID:15138258 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M404399200
6. ↑ Yorimitsu T, Klionsky DJ. Atg11 links cargo to the vesicle-forming machinery in the cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway. Mol Biol Cell. 2005 Apr;16(4):1593-605. Epub 2005 Jan 19. PMID:15659643 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E04-11-1035
7. ↑ Yorimitsu T, Nair U, Yang Z, Klionsky DJ. Endoplasmic reticulum stress triggers autophagy. J Biol Chem. 2006 Oct 6;281(40):30299-304. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M607007200. Epub 2006, Aug 10. PMID:16901900 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M607007200
8. ↑ Cao Y, Klionsky DJ. Atg26 is not involved in autophagy-related pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Autophagy. 2007 Jan-Feb;3(1):17-20. Epub 2007 Jan 7. PMID:17012830
9. ↑ He C, Song H, Yorimitsu T, Monastyrska I, Yen WL, Legakis JE, Klionsky DJ. Recruitment of Atg9 to the preautophagosomal structure by Atg11 is essential for selective autophagy in budding yeast. J Cell Biol. 2006 Dec 18;175(6):925-35. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200606084. PMID:17178909 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200606084
10. ↑ Chang CY, Huang WP. Atg19 mediates a dual interaction cargo sorting mechanism in selective autophagy. Mol Biol Cell. 2007 Mar;18(3):919-29. Epub 2006 Dec 27. PMID:17192412 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E06-08-0683
11. ↑ Suzuki K, Kubota Y, Sekito T, Ohsumi Y. Hierarchy of Atg proteins in pre-autophagosomal structure organization. Genes Cells. 2007 Feb;12(2):209-18. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2007.01050.x. PMID:17295840 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2443.2007.01050.x
12. ↑ Cheong H, Nair U, Geng J, Klionsky DJ. The Atg1 kinase complex is involved in the regulation of protein recruitment to initiate sequestering vesicle formation for nonspecific autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell. 2008 Feb;19(2):668-81. doi: 10.1091/mbc.e07-08-0826. Epub 2007 Dec, 12. PMID:18077553 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e07-08-0826
13. ↑ Kawamata T, Kamada Y, Kabeya Y, Sekito T, Ohsumi Y. Organization of the pre-autophagosomal structure responsible for autophagosome formation. Mol Biol Cell. 2008 May;19(5):2039-50. Epub 2008 Feb 20. PMID:18287526 doi:http://dx.doi.org/E07-10-1048
14. ↑ Ma J, Bharucha N, Dobry CJ, Frisch RL, Lawson S, Kumar A. Localization of autophagy-related proteins in yeast using a versatile plasmid-based resource of fluorescent protein fusions. Autophagy. 2008 Aug;4(6):792-800. doi: 10.4161/auto.6308. Epub 2008 May 17. PMID:18497569 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/auto.6308
15. ↑ Geng J, Baba M, Nair U, Klionsky DJ. Quantitative analysis of autophagy-related protein stoichiometry by fluorescence microscopy. J Cell Biol. 2008 Jul 14;182(1):129-40. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200711112. PMID:18625846 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200711112
16. ↑ Krick R, Muehe Y, Prick T, Bremer S, Schlotterhose P, Eskelinen EL, Millen J, Goldfarb DS, Thumm M. Piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus requires the core macroautophagy genes. Mol Biol Cell. 2008 Oct;19(10):4492-505. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E08-04-0363. Epub 2008 , Aug 13. PMID:18701704 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E08-04-0363
17. ↑ Cao Y, Cheong H, Song H, Klionsky DJ. In vivo reconstitution of autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Cell Biol. 2008 Aug 25;182(4):703-13. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200801035. PMID:18725539 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200801035
18. ↑ Kanki T, Klionsky DJ. Mitophagy in yeast occurs through a selective mechanism. J Biol Chem. 2008 Nov 21;283(47):32386-93. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M802403200. Epub 2008, Sep 25. PMID:18818209 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M802403200
19. ↑ Kageyama T, Suzuki K, Ohsumi Y. Lap3 is a selective target of autophagy in yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Jan 16;378(3):551-7. doi:, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.084. Epub 2008 Dec 4. PMID:19061865 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.084
20. ↑ Sekito T, Kawamata T, Ichikawa R, Suzuki K, Ohsumi Y. Atg17 recruits Atg9 to organize the pre-autophagosomal structure. Genes Cells. 2009 May;14(5):525-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2009.01299.x. Epub, 2009 Apr 13. PMID:19371383 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2443.2009.01299.x
21. ↑ Okamoto K, Kondo-Okamoto N, Ohsumi Y. Mitochondria-anchored receptor Atg32 mediates degradation of mitochondria via selective autophagy. Dev Cell. 2009 Jul;17(1):87-97. PMID:19619494 doi:http://dx.doi.org/S1534-5807(09)00254-8
22. ↑ Kanki T, Wang K, Cao Y, Baba M, Klionsky DJ. Atg32 is a mitochondrial protein that confers selectivity during mitophagy. Dev Cell. 2009 Jul;17(1):98-109. PMID:19619495 doi:http://dx.doi.org/S1534-5807(09)00255-X
23. ↑ Ecker N, Mor A, Journo D, Abeliovich H. Induction of autophagic flux by amino acid deprivation is distinct from nitrogen starvation-induced macroautophagy. Autophagy. 2010 Oct;6(7):879-90. doi: 10.4161/auto.6.7.12753. Epub 2010 Oct 22. PMID:20647741 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/auto.6.7.12753
24. ↑ Mari M, Griffith J, Rieter E, Krishnappa L, Klionsky DJ, Reggiori F. An Atg9-containing compartment that functions in the early steps of autophagosome biogenesis. J Cell Biol. 2010 Sep 20;190(6):1005-22. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200912089. PMID:20855505 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200912089
25. ↑ Yuga M, Gomi K, Klionsky DJ, Shintani T. Aspartyl aminopeptidase is imported from the cytoplasm to the vacuole by selective autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 2011 Apr 15;286(15):13704-13. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.173906. Epub, 2011 Feb 22. PMID:21343297 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.173906
26. ↑ Mendl N, Occhipinti A, Muller M, Wild P, Dikic I, Reichert AS. Mitophagy in yeast is independent of mitochondrial fission and requires the stress response gene WHI2. J Cell Sci. 2011 Apr 15;124(Pt 8):1339-50. doi: 10.1242/jcs.076406. Epub 2011 Mar, 23. PMID:21429936 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.076406
27. ↑ Aoki Y, Kanki T, Hirota Y, Kurihara Y, Saigusa T, Uchiumi T, Kang D. Phosphorylation of Serine 114 on Atg32 mediates mitophagy. Mol Biol Cell. 2011 Sep;22(17):3206-17. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E11-02-0145. Epub 2011, Jul 14. PMID:21757540 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E11-02-0145
28. ↑ Kurihara Y, Kanki T, Aoki Y, Hirota Y, Saigusa T, Uchiumi T, Kang D. Mitophagy plays an essential role in reducing mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species and mutation of mitochondrial DNA by maintaining mitochondrial quantity and quality in yeast. J Biol Chem. 2012 Jan 27;287(5):3265-72. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.280156. Epub 2011 , Dec 7. PMID:22157017 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M111.280156
29. ↑ Kondo-Okamoto N, Noda NN, Suzuki SW, Nakatogawa H, Takahashi I, Matsunami M, Hashimoto A, Inagaki F, Ohsumi Y, Okamoto K. Autophagy-related protein 32 acts as autophagic degron and directly initiates mitophagy. J Biol Chem. 2012 Mar 23;287(13):10631-8. Epub 2012 Feb 3. PMID:22308029 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M111.299917
30. ↑ Lipatova Z, Belogortseva N, Zhang XQ, Kim J, Taussig D, Segev N. Regulation of selective autophagy onset by a Ypt/Rab GTPase module. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 May 1;109(18):6981-6. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1121299109. Epub 2012 Apr 16. PMID:22509044 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1121299109
31. ↑ Mijaljica D, Prescott M, Devenish RJ. A late form of nucleophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e40013. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040013. Epub 2012 Jun 29. PMID:22768199 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040013
32. ↑ Aris JP, Alvers AL, Ferraiuolo RA, Fishwick LK, Hanvivatpong A, Hu D, Kirlew C, Leonard MT, Losin KJ, Marraffini M, Seo AY, Swanberg V, Westcott JL, Wood MS, Leeuwenburgh C, Dunn WA Jr. Autophagy and leucine promote chronological longevity and respiration proficiency during calorie restriction in yeast. Exp Gerontol. 2013 Oct;48(10):1107-19. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.01.006. Epub, 2013 Jan 18. PMID:23337777 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2013.01.006
33. ↑ Farre JC, Burkenroad A, Burnett SF, Subramani S. Phosphorylation of mitophagy and pexophagy receptors coordinates their interaction with Atg8 and Atg11. EMBO Rep. 2013 May;14(5):441-9. doi: 10.1038/embor.2013.40. Epub 2013 Apr 5. PMID:23559066 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/embor.2013.40
34. ↑ Harding TM, Hefner-Gravink A, Thumm M, Klionsky DJ. Genetic and phenotypic overlap between autophagy and the cytoplasm to vacuole protein targeting pathway. J Biol Chem. 1996 Jul 26;271(30):17621-4. PMID:8663607