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Publication Abstract from PubMed

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are alpha/beta heterodimeric transcription factors modulating cellular responses to the low oxygen condition. Among three HIF-alpha isoforms, HIF-3alpha is the least studied to date. Here we show that oleoylethanolamide (OEA), a physiological lipid known to regulate food intake and metabolism, binds selectively to HIF-3alpha. Through crystallographic analysis of HIF-3 alpha/beta heterodimer in both apo and OEA-bound forms, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and biochemical and cell-based assays, we unveil the molecular mechanism of OEA entry and binding to the PAS-B pocket of HIF-3alpha, and show that it leads to enhanced heterodimer stability and functional modulation of HIF-3. The identification of HIF-3alpha as a selective lipid sensor is consistent with recent human genetic findings linking HIF-3alpha with obesity, and demonstrates that endogenous metabolites can directly interact with HIF-alpha proteins to modulate their activities, potentially as a regulatory mechanism supplementary to the well-known oxygen-dependent HIF-alpha hydroxylation.

Identification of oleoylethanolamide as an endogenous ligand for HIF-3alpha.,Diao X, Ye F, Zhang M, Ren X, Tian X, Lu J, Sun X, Hou Z, Chen X, Li F, Zhuang J, Ding H, Peng C, Rastinejad F, Luo C, Wu D Nat Commun. 2022 May 9;13(1):2529. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-30338-z. PMID:35534502^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.