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Publication Abstract from PubMed

A leading HIV vaccine strategy requires a priming immunogen to induce broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) precursors, followed by a series of heterologous boosters to elicit somatic hypermutation (SHM) and produce bnAbs. In two randomized, open-label phase 1 human clinical trials, IAVI-G002 in the United States and IAVI-G003 in Rwanda and South Africa, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of mRNA-encoded nanoparticles as priming immunogens (both trials) and first-boosting immunogens (IAVI-G002). The vaccines were generally safe and well tolerated, except 18% of IAVI-G002 participants experienced skin reactions. Priming induced bnAb precursors with substantial frequencies and SHM, and heterologous boosting elicited increased SHM, affinity, and neutralization activity toward bnAb development. The results establish clinical proof of concept that heterologous boosting can advance bnAb-precursor maturation and demonstrate bnAb priming in Africa where the HIV burden is highest.

Vaccination with mRNA-encoded nanoparticles drives early maturation of HIV bnAb precursors in humans.,Willis JR, Prabhakaran M, Muthui M, Naidoo A, Sincomb T, Wu W, Cottrell CA, Landais E, deCamp AC, Keshavarzi NR, Kalyuzhniy O, Lee JH, Murungi LM, Ogonda WA, Yates NL, Corcoran MM, Phulera S, Musando J, Tsai A, Lemire G, Sein Y, Muteti M, Alamuri P, Bohl JA, Holman D, Himansu S, Leav B, Reuter C, Lin LA, Ding B, He C, Straus WL, MacPhee KJ, Regadas I, Nyabundi DV, Chirchir R, Anzala A, Kimotho JN, Kibet C, Greene K, Gao H, Beatman E, Benson K, Laddy D, Brown DM, Bronson R, Baptiste J, Gajjala S, Rikhtegaran-Tehrani Z, Benner A, Ramaswami M, Lu D, Alavi N, Amirzehni S, Kubitz M, Tingle R, Georgeson E, Phelps N, Adachi Y, Liguori A, Flynn C, McKenney K, Zhou X, Owuor DC, Owuor S, Kim SY, Duff M, Kim JY, Gibson G, Baboo S, Diedrich J, Schiffner T, Shields M, Matsoso M, Santos J, Syvertsen K, Kennedy A, Schroeter M, Vekemans J, Yates J, Paulson JC, Hyrien O, McDermott AB, Maenetje P, Nyombayire J, Karita E, Ingabire R, Edward V, Muturi-Kioi V, Maenza J, Shapiro AE, McElrath MJ, Edupuganti S, Taylor BS, Diemert D, Ozorowski G, Koup RA, Montefiori D, Ward AB, Hedestam GK, Tomaras G, Hunt DJ, Muema D, Sok D, Laufer DS, Andrews SF, Nduati EW, Schief WR Science. 2025 May 15:eadr8382. doi: 10.1126/science.adr8382. PMID:40373112^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.